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Double Dissociation of Auditory Attention Span and Visual Attention in Long-Term Survivors of Childhood Cerebellar Tumor: A Deterministic Tractography Study of the Cerebellar-Frontal and the Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus Pathways

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 April 2020

Alyssa S. Ailion ,
Tricia Z. King Open the ORCID record for Tricia Z. King [Opens in a new window] ,
Simone R. Roberts ,
Brian Tang ,
Jessica A. Turner ,
Christopher M. Conway  and
Bruce Crosson
Alyssa S. Ailion
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology and the Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302-5010, USA
Tricia Z. King*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology and the Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302-5010, USA
Simone R. Roberts
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology and the Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302-5010, USA Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA Atlanta VA Center of Excellence for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta, GA, USA
Brian Tang
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology and the Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302-5010, USA
Jessica A. Turner
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology and the Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302-5010, USA
Christopher M. Conway
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology and the Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302-5010, USA
Bruce Crosson
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology and the Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302-5010, USA Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA Atlanta VA Center of Excellence for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta, GA, USA Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
*
*Correspondence and reprint requests to: Tricia Z. King, Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, P.O. Box 5010, Atlanta, GA 30302-5010, USA. E-mail: tzking@gsu.edu
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Abstract

Objective:

Right cerebellar-left frontal (RC-LF) white matter integrity (WMI) has been associated with working memory. However, prior studies have employed measures of working memory that include processing speed and attention. We examined the relationships between the RC-LF WMI and processing speed, attention, and working memory to clarify the relationship of RC-LF WMI with a specific cognitive function. Right superior longitudinal fasciculus II (SLF II) WMI and visual attention were included as a negative control tract and task to demonstrate a double dissociation.

Methods:

Adult survivors of childhood brain tumors [n = 29, age: M = 22 years (SD = 5), 45% female] and demographically matched controls were recruited (n = 29). Tests of auditory attention span, working memory, and visual attention served as cognitive measures. Participants completed a 3-T MRI diffusion-weighted imaging scan. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and radial diffusivity (RD) served as WMI measures. Partial correlations between WMI and cognitive scores included controlling for type of treatment.

Results:

A correlational double dissociation was found. RC-LF WMI was associated with auditory attention (FA: r = .42, p = .03; RD: r = −.50, p = .01) and was not associated with visual attention (FA: r = −.11, p = .59; RD: r = −.11, p = .57). SLF II FA WMI was associated with visual attention (FA: r = .44, p = .02; RD: r = −.17, p = .40) and was not associated with auditory attention (FA: r = .24, p = .22; RD: r = −.10, p = .62).

Conclusions:

The results show that RC-LF WMI is associated with auditory attention span rather than working memory per se and provides evidence for a specificity based on the correlational double dissociation.

Keywords

Structural MRIDiffusion tractographyCerebellumNeurocognitive outcomesCognitionWhite matter pathwayWorking memoryDigit span
Type
Regular Research
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 26 , Issue 10 , November 2020 , pp. 939 - 953
Copyright
Copyright © INS. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2020

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