1 Both ‘names’ are cases of a highly unlikely localisation from their origin in the US into German security discourse. The rogue states image stands in stark contrast to the hegemonic foreign policy discourse in Germany usually referred to as ‘culture of restraint’ stressing dialogue, multilateralism and non-military means of security policy. With regards to ‘organised crime’ actors from the very beginning argued that such a threat would not go beyond local ‘gang crime’ in Germany so that ‘organised crime’ would not exist, never had existed and never will exist in Germany. In other words, ‘organised crime’ did not correspond with the perceived reality of the threat in Germany. Yet, while Germany has remained highly sceptical to take over ‘rogue states’, it did localise ‘organised crime’ despite the fact that it did not ‘fit’ to the situation in Germany. The article will show that this ‘puzzle’ can be understood by reference to the successful versus failed politics of localisation in German security discourse. On these criteria for selecting cases for a comparative research design, Jason Seawright and John Gerring, ‘Case-Selection Techniques in Case Study Research: A Menu of Qualitative and Quantitative Options’ (unpublished manuscript, 2005).

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102 Ibid., p. 40.

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110 Memorandum (2001), p. 65, emphasis added.

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124 Ibid., p. 213.

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128 On counter-factual reasoning, Richard Ned Lebow, Forbidden Fruit: Counterfactuals and International Relations (forthcoming).

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