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Host–parasite relationships between seabirds and the haemadipsid leech Chtonobdella palmyrae (Annelida: Clitellata) inhabiting oceanic islands in the Pacific Ocean

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 September 2020

Takafumi Nakano Open the ORCID record for Takafumi Nakano [Opens in a new window] ,
Hajime Suzuki ,
Naoko Suzuki ,
Yuichi Kimura ,
Tatsuo Sato ,
Hiromi Kamigaichi ,
Naoki Tomita  and
Takeshi Yamasaki Open the ORCID record for Takeshi Yamasaki [Opens in a new window]
Takafumi Nakano*
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto606-8502, Japan
Hajime Suzuki
Affiliation:
Institute of Boninology, Ogasawara, Tokyo100-2101, Japan United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Utsunomiya, Tochigi321-8505, Japan
Naoko Suzuki
Affiliation:
Institute of Boninology, Ogasawara, Tokyo100-2101, Japan
Yuichi Kimura
Affiliation:
Japanese Bird Banding Association, Abiko, Chiba270-1145, Japan
Tatsuo Sato
Affiliation:
The Friends of the Gyōtoku Wild Bird Observatory, Ichikawa, Chiba272-0137, Japan
Hiromi Kamigaichi
Affiliation:
Ufugi Nature Museum, Ministry of the Environment, Kunigami, Okinawa905-1413, Japan
Naoki Tomita
Affiliation:
Yamashina Institute for Ornithology, Abiko, Chiba270-1145, Japan
Takeshi Yamasaki
Affiliation:
Yamashina Institute for Ornithology, Abiko, Chiba270-1145, Japan
*
Author for correspondence: Takafumi Nakano, E-mail: nakano@zoo.zool.kyoto-u.ac.jp
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Abstract

The duognathous haemadipsid leeches of the genus Chtonobdella show a trans-oceanic distribution throughout the Indo-Pacific region. Although passive long-distance dispersal (LDD) of Chtonobdella leeches by birds has been suggested, little is known about the host–parasite relationships between avian hosts and Chtonobdella leeches. In the current study, we investigated Chtonobdella leech infestations of the eyes and other mucus membranes of migratory procellariiform seabirds, Pterodroma hypoleuca and Oceanodroma tristrami, captured at six locations in the Bonin Islands, Honshu and Okinawa Island, Japan. Analyses of the partial sequences of 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and morphological examination of the specimens demonstrated that the Chtonobdella leeches belonged to Chtonobdella palmyrae, which is indigenous to Palmyra Atoll in the Northern Line Islands. A dominant COI sequence type was observed in samples from all six sites; therefore, C. palmyrae almost surely dispersed approximately 1000 km by infesting the eyes and mucus membranes of procellariiform seabirds. The host–parasite relationships between procellariiform seabirds and C. palmyrae provide explicit evidence of the LDD of duognathous haemadipsid leeches. The taxonomic status of Haemadipsa zeylanica ivosimae from the Volcano Islands is also briefly discussed.

Keywords

Avian hostblood-feedingHaemadipsidaeHirudiniformesmigrationoverseas dispersal
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 147 , Issue 14 , December 2020 , pp. 1765 - 1773
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Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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