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Antimicrobial activity of buttermilk and lactoferrin peptide extracts on poultry pathogens

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 November 2016

Catherine Jean ,
Martine Boulianne ,
Michel Britten  and
Gilles Robitaille
Catherine Jean
Affiliation:
Food Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
Martine Boulianne
Affiliation:
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
Michel Britten
Affiliation:
Food Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
Gilles Robitaille*
Affiliation:
Food Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
*
*For correspondence; e-mail: gilles.robitaille@agr.gc.ca
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Abstract

Antibiotics are commonly used in poultry feed as growth promoters. This practice is questioned given the arising importance of antibiotic resistance. Antimicrobial peptides can be used as food additives for a potent alternative to synthetic or semi-synthetic antibiotics. The objective of this study was to develop a peptide production method based on membrane adsorption chromatography in order to produce extracts with antimicrobial activity against avian pathogens (Salmonella enterica var. Enteritidis, Salmonella enterica var. Typhimurium, and two Escherichia coli strains, O78:H80 and TK3 O1:K1) as well as Staphylococcus aureus. To achieve this, buttermilk powder and purified lactoferrin were digested with pepsin. The peptide extracts (<10 kDa) were fractionated depending on their charges through high-capacity cation-exchange and anion-exchange adsorptive membranes. The yields of cationic peptide extracts were 6·3 and 15·4% from buttermilk and lactoferrin total peptide extracts, respectively. Antimicrobial activity was assessed using the microdilution technique on microplates. Our results indicate that the buttermilk cationic peptide extracts were bactericidal at less than 5 mg/ml against the selected avian strains, with losses of 1·7 log CFU/ml (Salm. Typhimurium) to 3 log CFU/ml (E. coli O78:H80); viability decreased by 1·5 log CFU/ml for Staph. aureus, a Gram-positive bacterium. Anionic and non-adsorbed peptide extracts were inactive at 5 mg/ml. These results demonstrate that membrane adsorption chromatography is an effective way to prepare a cationic peptide extract from buttermilk that is active against avian pathogens.

Keywords

Antimicrobial peptidebuttermilklactoferrinavian pathogenmembrane adsorption chromatography
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Dairy Research , Volume 83 , Issue 4 , November 2016 , pp. 497 - 504
Copyright
Copyright © Proprietors of Journal of Dairy Research 2016 

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