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THE WATER RELATIONS AND IRRIGATION REQUIREMENTS OF MANGO (Mangifera indica L.): A REVIEW

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 May 2013

M. K. V. CARR
M. K. V. CARR*
Affiliation:
Emeritus Professor, School of Applied Science, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK
*
†Corresponding author. Email: mikecarr@cwms.org.uk; contact address: Pear Tree Cottage, Frog Lane, Ilmington, Shipston on Stour, Warwickshire CV36 4LQ, UK.
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Summary

The results of research on the water relations and irrigation requirements of the mango fruit tree are collated. The stages of development (including roots) are summarised, followed by reviews of plant water relations, water requirements, water productivity and water management. This long-lived tree is well adapted to a wide range of tropical and subtropical environments. In the low-latitude tropics, flowering is initiated after a period of water stress (at least six weeks duration) and is ended by rain or irrigation. In the high-latitude tropics and subtropics, flower buds are initiated during the cool winter months (<15 °C). Less than 1% of the flowers that set fruit reach maturity. Roots can reach depths of 5 m. Stomata occur mainly on the lower (abaxial) leaf surface. They are sensitive to dry air, closing as the saturation deficit increases (from 0.5 to 4.0 kPa). In humid tropical areas, the mean seasonal potential evapotranspiration rates (ETc) average 4–5 mm d−1, with peak rates of 5–6 mm d−1. The crop coefficient (Kc) varies between 0.65 and 1.05. Water productivities are in the range 3–6 kg (fresh fruit) m−3 (irrigation). Micro-sprinklers and drip irrigation are the preferred methods of irrigation. The trend towards greater intensification of production will impact on the water relations and irrigation needs of mango and provide a focus for future research.

Type
Review Paper
Information
Experimental Agriculture , Volume 50 , Issue 1 , January 2014 , pp. 1 - 23
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2013 

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