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Limited impacts of truck-based ultra-low-volume applications of mosquito adulticides on mortality in honey bees (Apis mellifera)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 April 2017

F.D. Rinkevich ,
J.W. Margotta ,
V. Pokhrel ,
T.W. Walker ,
R.H. Vaeth ,
W.C. Hoffman ,
B.K. Fritz ,
R.G. Danka ,
T.E. Rinderer  and
R.L. Aldridge
...Show all authors
F.D. Rinkevich
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Life Sciences Annex, Agricultural Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA Honey Bee Breeding, Genetics, and Physiology Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 1157 Ben Hur Rd, Baton Rouge, LA 70820, USA
J.W. Margotta
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Life Sciences Annex, Agricultural Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
V. Pokhrel
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Life Sciences Annex, Agricultural Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
T.W. Walker
Affiliation:
East Baton Rouge Parish Mosquito Abatement and Rodent Control, 2829 Lt Gen Ben Davis Jr Ave, Baton Rouge, LA 70807, USA
R.H. Vaeth
Affiliation:
East Baton Rouge Parish Mosquito Abatement and Rodent Control, 2829 Lt Gen Ben Davis Jr Ave, Baton Rouge, LA 70807, USA
W.C. Hoffman
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, Aerial Application Technology Research Unit, 2881 F and B Rd, College Station, TX 77845, USA
B.K. Fritz
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, Aerial Application Technology Research Unit, 2881 F and B Rd, College Station, TX 77845, USA
R.G. Danka
Affiliation:
Honey Bee Breeding, Genetics, and Physiology Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 1157 Ben Hur Rd, Baton Rouge, LA 70820, USA
T.E. Rinderer
Affiliation:
Honey Bee Breeding, Genetics, and Physiology Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 1157 Ben Hur Rd, Baton Rouge, LA 70820, USA
R.L. Aldridge
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, 1600 SW 23rd Drive, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
K.J. Linthicum
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, 1600 SW 23rd Drive, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
J.A. Ottea
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Life Sciences Annex, Agricultural Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
K.B. Healy*
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Life Sciences Annex, Agricultural Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
*
*Author for correspondence Phone: (225)578–7386 Fax: (225) 578–2257 E-mail: KHealy@agcenter.lsu.edu
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Abstract

Adulticides applied against mosquitoes can reduce vector populations during times of high arbovirus transmission. However, impacts of these insecticides on pollinators and other non-target organisms are of concern to mosquito control professionals, beekeepers and others. We evaluated mortality of Culex quinquefasciatus and Apis mellifera when caged insects were exposed to low and high label rates of four common adulticides (Aqua-Pursuit™ [permethrin], Duet® [prallethrin + sumithrin], Fyfanon® [malathion] and Scourge® [resmethrin]) at six distances up to 91.4 m from a truck-mounted ultra-low-volume sprayer. Honey bee mortality was both absolutely low (<10%) and low relative to mosquito mortality for most products, distances, and application rates. Exceptions were at the high rate of Fyfanon (honey bee mortality of 22–100% at distances ≤61 m) and the low rate of Scourge (mortality <10% for both insects). The greatest ratios of mosquito-to-honey bee mortality were found for the low rate of Fyfanon (30× greater) and the high rate of Duet (50× greater). Aqua-Pursuit and Fyfanon tended to increase mortality of both species at closer distances and at higher application rate; this was related to increased number and size of spray droplets. Wind speed and temperature had inconsistent effects on mortality of mosquitoes only. In this bioassay designed to have insects directly intercept insecticide droplets, mosquito adulticides applied at low rates and at >61 m had limited impacts on honey bee mortality while providing effective mosquito control.

Keywords

honey beemosquitoinsecticideultra-low volume sprayerhazard assessment
Type
Research Papers
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 107 , Issue 6 , December 2017 , pp. 724 - 733
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

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Footnotes

†

Current association: USDA-ARS, Honey Bee Breeding, Genetics, and Physiology Laboratory, 1157 Ben Hur Rd, Baton Rouge, LA 70820.

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