Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of contributors
- Preface
- 1 Evolution of Lagrangian methods in oceanography
- 2 Measuring surface currents with Surface Velocity Program drifters: the instrument, its data, and some recent results
- 3 Favorite trajectories
- 4 Particle motion in a sea of eddies
- 5 Inertial particle dynamics on the rotating Earth
- 6 Predictability of Lagrangian motion in the upper ocean
- 7 Lagrangian data assimilation in ocean general circulation models
- 8 Dynamic consistency and Lagrangian data in oceanography: mapping, assimilation, and optimization schemes
- 9 Observing turbulence regimes and Lagrangian dispersal properties in the oceans
- 10 Lagrangian biophysical dynamics
- 11 Plankton: Lagrangian inhabitants of the sea
- 12 A Lagrangian stochastic model for the dynamics of a stage structured population. Application to a copepod population
- 13 Lagrangian analysis and prediction of coastal and ocean dynamics (LAPCOD)
- Index
- Plate section
- References
7 - Lagrangian data assimilation in ocean general circulation models
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 07 September 2009
Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of contributors
- Preface
- 1 Evolution of Lagrangian methods in oceanography
- 2 Measuring surface currents with Surface Velocity Program drifters: the instrument, its data, and some recent results
- 3 Favorite trajectories
- 4 Particle motion in a sea of eddies
- 5 Inertial particle dynamics on the rotating Earth
- 6 Predictability of Lagrangian motion in the upper ocean
- 7 Lagrangian data assimilation in ocean general circulation models
- 8 Dynamic consistency and Lagrangian data in oceanography: mapping, assimilation, and optimization schemes
- 9 Observing turbulence regimes and Lagrangian dispersal properties in the oceans
- 10 Lagrangian biophysical dynamics
- 11 Plankton: Lagrangian inhabitants of the sea
- 12 A Lagrangian stochastic model for the dynamics of a stage structured population. Application to a copepod population
- 13 Lagrangian analysis and prediction of coastal and ocean dynamics (LAPCOD)
- Index
- Plate section
- References
Summary
Introduction
In the last 20 years, the deployment of surface and subsurface buoys has increased significantly, and the scientific community is now focusing on the development of new techniques to maximize the use of these data. As shown by Davis (1983, 1991), oceanic observations of quasi-Lagrangian floats provide a useful and direct description of lateral advection and eddy dispersal. Data from surface drifters and subsurface floats have been intensively used to describe the main statistics of the general circulation in most of the world ocean, in terms of mean flow structure, second-order statistics and transport properties (e.g. Owens, 1991; Richardson, 1993; Fratantoni, 2001; Zhang et al., 2001; Bauer et al., 2002; Niiler et al., 2003; Reverdin et al., 2003). Translation, swirl speed and evolution of surface temperature in warm-core rings, which are ubiquitous in the oceans, have also been studied with floats by releasing them inside of the eddies (Hansen and Maul, 1991). Trajectories of freely drifting buoys allow estimation of horizontal divergence and vertical velocity in the mixed layer (Poulain, 1993). Also, data from drifters allows investigation of properties and statistics of near-inertial waves, which provide much of the shear responsible for mixing in the upper thermocline and entrainment at the base of the mixed layer (Poulain et al., 1992). Drifters have proved to be robust autonomous platforms with which to observe ocean circulation and return data from a variety of sensors.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Lagrangian Analysis and Prediction of Coastal and Ocean Dynamics , pp. 172 - 203Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2007
References
, , and , 2002. Eddy-mean flow decomposition and eddy-diffusivity estimates in the tropical Pacific Ocean. 2. Results. J. Geophys. Res., 107, 3154–71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, 1992. Inverse Methods in Physical Oceanography. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
and , 2002. Material transport in oceanic gyres. Part II: Hierarchy of stochastic models. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 32, 797–830.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
and , 1986. Wind-driven spin-up eddy-resolving ocean models formulated in isopycnic and isobaric coordinates. J. Geophys. Res., 91/C, 7611–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, , , and , 1989. Mixed layer-thermocline interaction in a three-dimensional isopycnic coordinate model. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 19C, 1417–39.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, , , and , 1992. Ventilation and mode water formation in a wind- and thermohaline-driven isopycnic coordinate model of the North Atlantic. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 22, 1486–1505.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, , , , , and , 1996. Mapping tropical Pacific sea level: Data assimilation via a reduced state space Kalman filter. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 101, 22599–617.Google Scholar
, 1989. Assimilation of Lagrangian data into a numerical model. Dyn. Atmos. Oceans, 13, 335–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, , and , 1999. Spatial regression with Markov Random Fields for Kalman filter approximation in least-squares solution of oceanic data assimilation problems. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 1233–57.Google Scholar
, , and , 2002. A reduced-order information filter for multi-layer shallow water models: profiling and assimilation of sea surface height. J. Atmos. Ocean. Tech., 19(4), 517–33.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, 1983. Oceanic property transport, Lagrangian particle statistics, and their prediction. J. Mar. Res., 41, 163–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, 1991. Observing the general circulation with floats. Deep-Sea Res., 38, 5531–71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, 1996. Comparison of Autonomous Lagrangian Circulation Explorer and fine resolution Antarctic model results in the South Atlantic. J. Geophys. Res., 101, C1, 855–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, 1998. Preliminary results from directly measuring mid-depth circulation in the Tropical and South Pacific. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 24619–39.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Evensen, G., D. P. Dee, and J. Schroter, 1998. Parameter estimation in dynamical models. In Ocean Modeling and Parameterization, ed. and . Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 373–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, 2001. North Atlantic surface circulation during the 1990s observed with satellite-tracked drifters. J. Geophys. Res., 106, 22,067–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, , , , and , 2001. Lagrangian data in a high-resolution numerical simulation of the North Atlantic. 1. Comparison with in situ drifter data. J. Mar. Sys., 29, 157–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
and , 1991. Data assimilation in meteorology and oceanography. Adv. Geophy., 33, 141–266.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Griffa, A., 1996. Applications of stochastic particle models to oceanographic problems. In Stochastic Modeling in Physical Oceanography, ed. , , . Cambridge, MA: Birkhauser Boston, 113–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
and , 1991. Anticyclonic current rings in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 6965–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
and , 1996. Quality control and interpolations of WOCE/TOGA drifter data. J. Atmos. Oceanic Tec., 13, 900–9.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, , and , 1995. Optimizing a drifter cast strategy with a genetic algorithm. J. Atmos. Ocean Tech., 12, 330–45.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, 1978. The role of mesoscale eddies in the general circulation of the ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 22, 1033–46.Google Scholar
and , 1997a. Extended Kalman filtering for vortex systems. Part I: Methodology and point vortices. Dyn. Atm. Oceans, 27, 301–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
and , 1997b. Extended Kalman filtering for vortex systems. Part II: Rankine vortices and observing system design. Dyn. Atm. Oceans, 27, 333–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, , and , 2002. Lagrangian data assimilation for point-vortex system. J. Turbulence, 3, 053.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, , and , 1996. Successive correction of the mean sea surface height by the simultaneous assimilation of drifting buoy and altimetric data. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 26, 2381–97.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
. and , 1995. Continuous assimilation of drifting buoy trajectories into an equatorial Pacific Ocean model. J. Mar. Sys., 6, 159–78.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, , , , , and , 2002. The Loop Current and adjacent rings delineated by Lagrangian analysis of near-surface flow. J. Mar. Res., 60, 405–29.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, 2000. A Bayesian approach to observation quality control in variational and statistical assimilation. Proceedings of Aha Huliko Hawaiian Winter Workshop, 249–63.Google Scholar
and , 1988. Data constraint applied to models of the ocean general circulation. Part 2. The transient, eddy resolving case. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 18, 1093–107.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, , and , 2002. Eulerian and Lagrangian statistics from surface drifters and a high-resolution POP simulation in the North Atlantic. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 32, 2472–91.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, , and , 2005. Lagrangian data assimilation in multi-layer primitive equation ocean models. J. Atmos. Ocean. Tech., 22, 1, 70–83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, , , , and , 2003. Assimilation of drifter positions for the reconstruction of the Eulerian circulation field. J. Geophys. Res., 108, C3, 3056.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, , , , and , 2003. Near surface dynamical structure of the Kuroshio extension. J. Geophys. Res., 108, C6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
and , 1996. Assimilation of Geosat altimeter data into an eddy-resolving primitive equation model of the North Atlantic Ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 101/C6, 14,175–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, 1991. A statistical description of the mean circulation and eddy variability in the northwestern Atlantic using SOFAR floats. Prog. Oceanogr., 28, 257–303.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, , , , and , 2003. Assimilation of drifter positions in primitive equation models of midlatitude ocean circulation. J. Geophys. Res., 108, C7, 3238.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, , , and , 2002. Drifter launch strategies based on Lagrangian templates. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 32, 1855–69.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, 1993. Estimates of horizontal divergence and vertical velocity in the equatorial Pacific. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 23/4, 601–7.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, , and , 1992. Deriving inertial wave characteristics from surface drifter velocities – frequency variability in the Tropical Pacific. J. Geophys. Res., 97(C11), 17947–59.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, 1993. A census of eddies observed in North Atlantic SOFAR float data. Prog. Oceanogr., 31, 1–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, , and , 2003. North Atlantic Ocean surface currents. J. Geophys. Res., 108, C1, 3002.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, 1992. Fluid exchange across a meandering jet. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 22, 431–40.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Samelson, R. M., 1996. Chaotic transport by mesoscale motions. In Stochastic Modeling in Physical Oceanography, ed. , , and . Cambridge, MA: Birkhäuser Boston, 423–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, , , and , 2000. Numerical simulation of the North Atlantic ocean at 1/10°. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 30, 1532–61.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, , , , , and , 2001. Reconstructing basin-scale Eulerian velocity fields from simulated drifter data. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 31, 1361–76.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, , , and , 2004. Oceanic turbulence and stochastic models from subsurface Lagrangian data for the North-West Atlantic Ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 34(8), 1884–906.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
, , and , 2001. Isopycnal Lagrangian statistics from the North Atlantic Current RAFOS floats observations. J. Geophys. Res., 106, 13, 817–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar