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Substance Use and Involvement in Situations of Violence: A Typological Study of a Brazilian Population-Based Sample

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 June 2020

André Vilela Komatsu Open the ORCID record for André Vilela Komatsu [Opens in a new window] ,
Rafaelle Carolynne Santos Costa Open the ORCID record for Rafaelle Carolynne Santos Costa [Opens in a new window] ,
Lais Sette Galinari ,
Renato Carpio de la Torre Open the ORCID record for Renato Carpio de la Torre [Opens in a new window]  and
Marina Rezende Bazon Open the ORCID record for Marina Rezende Bazon [Opens in a new window]
André Vilela Komatsu*
Affiliation:
University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
Rafaelle Carolynne Santos Costa
Affiliation:
University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
Lais Sette Galinari
Affiliation:
University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
Renato Carpio de la Torre
Affiliation:
National University of San Agustin, Arequipa, Peru
Marina Rezende Bazon
Affiliation:
University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
*
*Corresponding Author: André Vilela Komatsu, Center for the Study of Violence (NEV-USP), 520 Prof. Almeida Prado Ave., São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brazil. E-mail: avk@usp.br
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Abstract

Substance use in adolescence relates to other problems such as involvement in violence and mental/physical health problems. This study aimed to identify substance use patterns in a considerable sample of Brazilian adolescents and to estimate the magnitude of the relationship between each pattern and violence involvement indicators, as aggressor and/or as victim, and of mental and general health. The data analyzed were collected from 6702 schoolchildren, within the scope of the National Survey of School Health, employing latent class analysis for reports of alcohol, tobacco, marijuana and crack cocaine use. The five groups identified were compared regarding their involvement in violence and mental and general health aspects. Abstainers (18%) would neither make use of substances, nor be involved in violence or display health problems. Drinkers (26%) would tend to only make use of alcohol, but would not display the other problems either. Conventional Drug Users (28%) would tend to make use of alcohol and tobacco or alcohol and marijuana and would also be involved in violence, but would not display health problems. Polysubstance Users (23%) would tend to make use of alcohol, tobacco and marijuana and would be more frequently involved in violence. Hard Drug Users (5%) would tend to make frequent use of all substances in addition to also being more involved in violence, both as aggressor and victim, and would display mental/general health problems. Our findings reveal different levels of problems and reinforce the importance of varied prevention/treatment policies in order to meet specific demands.

Abstracto

Abstracto

El uso de sustancias en la adolescencia se relaciona con otros problemas, como participación en la violencia y problemas de salud mental/física. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar patrones de uso de sustancias en una muestra considerable de adolescentes brasileños y estimar la magnitud de la relación entre cada patrón y los indicadores de participación de la violencia, como agresor y / o víctima, y de salud mental y general. Los datos analizados se obtuvieron de 6.702 escolares, dentro del alcance de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud Escolar, empleando el Análisis de Clase Latente para informes de consumo de alcohol, tabaco, marihuana y crack. Los cinco grupos identificados se compararon con respecto a su participación en la violencia y los aspectos de salud mental y general. Los abstemios (18%) no harían uso de sustancias, ni se involucrarían en violencia ni mostrarían problemas de salud. Los bebedores (26%) tenderían a consumir solo alcohol, pero tampoco mostrarían los otros problemas. Los usuarios de drogas convencionales (28%) tenderían a consumir alcohol y tabaco o alcohol y marihuana y también estarían involucrados en la violencia, pero no mostrarían problemas de salud. Los usuarios de poli-sustancias (23%) tenderían a consumir alcohol, tabaco y marihuana y estarían más frecuentemente involucrados en la violencia. Los usuarios de drogas duras (5%) tenderían a hacer un uso frecuente de todas las sustancias además de estar más involucrados en la violencia, tanto como agresores como víctimas, y mostrarían problemas de salud mental / general. Nuestros hallazgos revelan diferentes niveles de problemas y refuerzan la importancia de diversas políticas de prevención / tratamiento para satisfacer demandas específicas.

Abstrait

Abstrait

La consommation de substances pendant l’adolescence est liée à d’autres problèmes tels que la violence et les problèmes de santé mentale / physique. Cette étude visait à identifier les modes de consommation de substances dans un échantillon considérable d’adolescents brésiliens et à estimer l’ampleur de la relation entre chaque modèle et les indicateurs d’implication de la violence, en tant qu’agresseur et / ou en tant que victime, et de la santé mentale et générale. Les données analysées ont été collectées auprès de 6.702 écoliers, dans le cadre de l’Enquête nationale sur la santé en milieu scolaire, en utilisant l’analyse de classe latente pour les rapports de consommation d’alcool, de tabac, de marijuana et de crack. Les cinq groupes identifiés ont été comparés en ce qui concerne leur implication dans la violence et les aspects de santé mentale et générale. Les abstentionnistes (18%) ne feraient pas usage de substances, ne seraient pas impliqués dans des violences ou présenteraient des problèmes de santé. Les buveurs (26%) auraient tendance à ne consommer que de l’alcool, mais ne présenteraient pas non plus les autres problèmes. Les utilisateurs de drogues conventionnelles (28%) auraient tendance à consommer de l’alcool et du tabac ou de l’alcool et de la marijuana et seraient également impliqués dans la violence, mais ne présenteraient pas de problèmes de santé. Les utilisateurs de substances multiples (23%) auraient tendance à consommer de l’alcool, du tabac et de la marijuana et seraient plus fréquemment impliqués dans la violence. Les consommateurs de drogues dures (5%) auraient tendance à utiliser fréquemment toutes les substances en plus d’être également plus impliqués dans la violence, à la fois en tant qu’agresseur et victime, et afficheraient des problèmes de santé mentale / générale. Nos résultats révèlent différents niveaux de problèmes et renforcent l’importance de politiques de prévention / traitement variées afin de répondre à des demandes spécifiques.

摘要

摘要

青少年使用药物与其他问题有关，如参与暴力、身心健康等问题。这项研究的目的是在大量巴西青少年样本中确定药物使用模式，并估计每种模式与暴力参与指标(作为攻击者和/或受害者)以及心理和一般健康之间的关系程度。所分析的数据是在全国学校健康调查范围内收集到的6702名小学生的数据，使用潜在类别分析法报告酒精、烟草、大麻和可卡因的使用情况。对确定的五组人员在参与暴力、精神和一般健康方面的情况进行了比较。节制者(18%)既不使用药物，也不参与暴力活动，也不会出现健康问题。饮酒者(26%)倾向于只使用酒精，但也不会表现出其他问题。传统吸毒者(28%)倾向于使用酒精、烟草或大麻，也会参与暴力活动，但不会出现健康问题。多药物使用者(23%)倾向于使用酒精、烟草和大麻，并更经常卷入暴力。吸毒者(5%)除了更容易卷入暴力之外，无论施暴者还是受害人，还往往频繁使用所有药物，并会表现出精神与一般健康问题。我们的调查结果揭示了不同程度的问题，并强调各种预防/治疗政策的重要性,以满足特定需求。

ملخّص

ملخّص

يرتبط تعاطي المخدرات في سن المراهقة بمشاكل أخرى مثل التورّط بأعمال العنف ومشاكل الصحّة العقليّة / الجسديّة. هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى تحديد أنماط تعاطي المخدرات في عيّنة كبيرة من المراهقين البرازيليين وإلى تقدير حجم العلاقة بين كل نمط ومؤشرات التورّط بأعمال العنف، كمعتدٍ و/أو كضحية، ورؤية الصحة العقلية والعامة. تم جمع البيانات، التي تم تحليلها من 6,702 طالب مدرسيّ، ضمن نطاق المسح الوطني للصحة National Survey of School Health، باستخدام تحليل الصف الكامن latent class analysis لتقارير تعاطي الكحول والتبغ والحشيشة marijuana والكوكايين. تمت مقارنة المجموعات الخمس المحدّدة من حيث تورطها بأعمال العنف ومن ناحية الصّحة العقليّة والعامّة. لن يتورّط الممتنعون Abstainers (18٪) في مشكلة تعاطي المخدّرات، أو في أعمال العنف، ولن يعانون من مشاكل صحيّة. أمّا مدمنو الكحول (26٪) فسيميلون إلى تعاطي الكحول فقط، دون الوقوع في مشاكل أخرى. في حين أنّ متعاطي المخدرات التقليديّين (28٪) سيميلون إلى تعاطي الكحول والتبغ أو تعاطي الكحول والحشيشة marijuana، وسيتورطون بأعمال العنف، لكنهم لن يعانوا من مشاكل صحيّة. أمّا بالنّسبة لمتعاطي المواد المخدرة Polysubstance Users (23٪) فسيميلون إلى تعاطي الكحول والتبغ والحشيشة وسيتورطون بأعمال العنف على نحو أكثر تواترًا. وسيميل مستخدمو المخدرات الصّلبة (5 ٪) إلى التّعاطي المتكرر لجميع أنواع المخدرات بالإضافة إلى تورّطهم بأعمال العنف، سواء كمعتدين أو كضحايا. كما سيتعرّضون إلى مشاكل في الصّحة العقليّة / العامة. تكشف النتائج التي توصلنا إليها مستويات مختلفة من المشاكل وتعزز أهمية سياسات الوقاية / العلاج المتنوعة من أجل تلبية مطالب محدّدة.

Keywords

mental healthlatent class analysissubstance usetypologyviolencesalud mentalanálisis de clase latenteuso de sustanciastipologíaviolenciasanté mentaleanalyse de classe latenteconsommation de substancestypologieviolence心理健康潜在类别分析法药物使用类型学暴力الصحة النفسيّة؛ تحليل الصف الكامنتعاطي المخدراتدراسة الرّموزالعنف
Type
Article
Information
International Annals of Criminology , Volume 57 , Issue 1-2 , May 2019 , pp. 25 - 47
Copyright
© 2020 International Society of Criminology

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