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The emergence of co-occurring adolescent polysubstance use and depressive symptoms: A latent growth modeling approach

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 January 2015

Julia W. Felton ,
Michael J. Kofler ,
Cristina M. Lopez ,
Benjamin E. Saunders  and
Dean G. Kilpatrick
Julia W. Felton*
Affiliation:
University of Maryland, College Park
Michael J. Kofler
Affiliation:
Florida State University
Cristina M. Lopez
Affiliation:
Medical University of South Carolina
Benjamin E. Saunders
Affiliation:
Medical University of South Carolina
Dean G. Kilpatrick
Affiliation:
Medical University of South Carolina
*
Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Julia W. Felton, Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742; E-mail: jfelton1@umd.edu.
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Abstract

This study tests competing models of the relation between depression and polysubstance use over the course of adolescence. Participants included a nationwide sample of adolescents (N = 3,604), ages 12 to 17 at study Wave 1, assessed annually for 3 years. Models were tested using cohort-sequential latent growth curve modeling to determine whether depressive symptoms at baseline predicted concurrent and age-related changes in drug use, whether drug use at baseline predicted concurrent and age-related changes in depressive symptoms, and whether initial levels of depression predicted changes in substance use significantly better than vice versa. The results suggest a transactional model such that early polysubstance use promotes early depressive symptoms, which in turn convey elevated risk for increasing polysubstance use over time, which in turn conveys additional risk for future depressive symptoms, even after accounting for gender, ethnicity, and household income. In contrast, early drug use did not portend risk for future depressive symptoms. These findings suggest a complicated pattern of interrelations over time and indicate that many current models of co-occurring polysubstance use and depressive symptoms may not fully account for these associations. Instead, the results suggest a developmental cascade, in which symptoms of one disorder promote symptoms of the other across intrapersonal domains.

Type
Regular Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 27 , Issue 4pt1 , November 2015 , pp. 1367 - 1383
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2015 

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