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Weed Management and Net Returns With Transgenic, Herbicide-Resistant, and Nontransgenic Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

A. Stanley Culpepper  and
Alan C. York
A. Stanley Culpepper
Affiliation:
Crop Science Department, North Carolina State University, Box 7620, Raleigh, NC 27695-7620
Alan C. York*
Affiliation:
Crop Science Department, North Carolina State University, Box 7620, Raleigh, NC 27695-7620
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: alan_york@ncsu.edu.
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Abstract

Weed management systems were compared in bromoxynil-resistant, glyphosate-resistant, and nontransgenic cotton. A standard system of pendimethalin preplant incorporated (PPI), fluometuron preemergence (PRE), fluometuron plus MSMA early postemergence-directed (POST-DIR), and cyanazine plus MSMA late POST-DIR in combination with cultivation controlled broadleaf signalgrass, large crabgrass, common lambsquarters, jimsonweed, pitted morningglory, prickly sida, sicklepod, and smooth pigweed 98 to 100% late season. Weed control, cotton yield, and net returns were similar when pyrithiobac or bromoxynil plus MSMA postemergence (POST) replaced fluometuron plus MSMA POST-DIR. Fluometuron PRE had little to no effect in bromoxynil systems. Glyphosate POST to three- to four-leaf-stage cotton followed by cyanazine plus MSMA late POST-DIR and cultivation controlled weeds 96 to 100%. Glyphosate POST followed by glyphosate POST-DIR and cultivation controlled pitted morningglory and large crabgrass 89 to 90% and other species at least 94%. Yields and net returns at one location were similar for glyphosate applied twice or glyphosate POST followed by cyanazine plus MSMA POST-DIR and the standard system. Pendimethalin plus fluometuron in glyphosate systems did not increase yield or net returns. At a location severely infested with large crabgrass, pendimethalin plus fluometuron in glyphosate systems increased yield 37 to 44% and net returns 85 to 108%, respectively, when glyphosate was applied to cotton at the three-to four-leaf stage, but not if glyphosate was applied to cotton at the one-leaf stage. Yield and net returns were similar when bromoxynil-resistant, glyphosate-resistant, and nontransgenic cotton were treated using the standard system.

Keywords

Bromoxynil, 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrileglyphosate, N-(phosphonomethyl)glycineMSMA, monosodium salt of methylarsonic acidpyrithiobac, 2-chloro-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)thio]benzoic acidcommon lambsquarters, Chenopodium album L. # CHEALjimsonweed, Datura stramonium L. # DATSTlarge crabgrass, Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. # DIGSApitted morningglory, Ipomoea lacunosa L. # IPOLAprickly sida, Sida spinosa L. # SIDSPsicklepod, Senna obtusifolia (L.) Irwin and Barneby # CASOBsmooth pigweed, Amaranthus hybridus L. # AMACHBromoxynil-resistant cottoncotton yieldfiber qualityglyphosate-resistant cottonherbicide-resistant cropsAMACHBRAPPCASOBCHEALDATSTDIGSAIPOLASIDSPBR, bromoxynil resistantEPSPS, 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthaseGR, glyphosate resistantNT, nontransgenicPOST, postemergencePOST-DIR, postemergence-directedPPI, preplant incorporatedPRE, preemergenceWAP, weeks after plantingWAT, weeks after late POST-DIR herbicide application
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 13 , Issue 2 , June 1999 , pp. 411 - 420
Copyright
Copyright © 1999 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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