A Mixed-Methods Analysis of Patient Reviews of Hospital Care in England: Implications for Public Reporting of Health Care Quality Data in the United States

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Article-at-a-Glance

Background

In the United States patients have limited opportunities to read and write narrative reviews about hospitals. In contrast, the National Health Service (NHS) in England encourages patients to provide feedback to hospitals on their quality-reporting website, NHS Choices. The scope and content of the narrative feedback was studied.

Methods

All NHS hospitals with more than 10 reviews posted on NHS Choices were included in a cross-sectional mixed-methods (qualitative and quantitative) analysis of patients’ reviews of 20 randomly selected hospitals.

Results

The final sample consisted of 264 hospitals and 2,640 patient responses to structured questions. All 200 reviews from the 20 hospitals randomly selected were subjected to further quantitative and qualitative analysis. Comments about clinicians and staff were common (179 [90%]) and overwhelmingly positive, with 149 (83%) favorable to workers. In 124 (62%) of the 200 reviews, patients commented on technical aspects of hospital care, including quality of care, injuries, errors, and incorrect medical record or discharge documentation. Perceived medical errors were described in 51 (26%) hospital reviews. Comments about the hospital facility appeared in half (52%) of reviews, describing hospital cleanliness, food, parking, and amenities. Hospitals replied to 56% of the patient reviews.

Discussion

NHS Choices represents the first government-run initiative that enables any patient to provide narrative feedback about hospital care. Reviews appear to have similar domains to those covered in existing satisfaction surveys but also include detailed feedback that would be unlikely to be revealed by such surveys. Online narrative reviews can therefore provide useful and complementary information to consumers (patients) and hospitals, particularly when combined with systematically collected patient experience data.

Section snippets

Hospital Inclusion Criteria and Characteristics

We identified all hospitals that provide general or subspecialty medical care registered on the NHS Choices website on the index date of August 25, 2010. From this list, we excluded psychiatric, dental, and homoeopathic hospitals. We examined each included hospital for the presence of patient reviews and excluded hospitals with fewer than 10 reviews to obtain a representative sample of hospitals with a sufficient number of reviews. We recorded characteristics of included hospitals using the NHS

Hospital Characteristics

As of the index date, there were 1,084 NHS hospitals in England listed on the NHS Choices website. Of these, we excluded 2 dental and 1 homeopathic hospital, as well as 817 hospitals for which there were fewer than 10 reviews. The final sample consisted of 264 hospitals (Table 1, right). Eligible hospitals had a mean of 34 reviews between the introduction of NHS Choices in 2008 and the index date. The maximum number of reviews for a single hospital was 160. Hospitals were from all regions of

Discussion

NHS Choices is the first government-run website to give patients the opportunity to post narrative reviews about the care they receive within hospitals. In this study, we found that many patients take advantage of the opportunity to complete survey questions and post narrative reviews. Some hospitals had more than 100 posted reviews, but only 264 hospitals—a minority of all hospitals (24%)—had accumulated 10 patient reviews by the study’s index date. The majority of patients’ responses to

Conclusions

NHS Choices represents the first government-run opportunity for patients to provide narrative feedback about hospitals. Our findings also suggest that narrative reviews, combined with systematically collected patient experience data, could provide useful and complementary information to consumers and hospitals. Although there may be some challenges to implementing such a website in the United States, adding a similar feature to Hospital Compare could increase available information about patient

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