The Epidemiology Of Leukemia

doi:10.1016/S0065-230X(08)60656-9

Advances in Cancer Research

Volume 31, 1980, Pages 1-76

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Publisher Summary

This chapter reviews the etiology of leukemia and discusses the contributions made by a wide range of epidemiological studies. It focuses on the exploring aspects of etiology that are potentially suitable for primary prevention. Epidemiology can contribute to the aspects of the identification of high risk groups suitable for screening, to the reduction of delay in diagnosis, to the organization and deployment of treatment facilities, and to the support of the patient and family during treatment. The chapter reviews what is known about leukemia from published national mortality statistics; some data are available also from national publications on incidence, discussing leukemia mortality by age and sex and leukemia incidence by age, sex, color, and trends. It also discusses the factors relevant to the development of leukemia in children and to the development of leukemia in adults. This division is somewhat arbitrary, but it has an advantage because of the much closer time relationship between factors operating on the fetus and childhood leukemia compared with more general environmental agents and adult leukemia such as maternal irradiation, genetic factors, drugs, or irradiation. Immunological deficiencies and a number of other very rare diseases are associated with an increased risk of leukemia.

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Benzene and Leukaemia
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Occupational and environmental exposures and myelodysplasia: A case-control study
1995, Leukemia Research
A case-control study of newly diagnosed myelodysplastic syndrome patients investigated lifetime exposures through occupation, environment or hobby by questionnaire, structured and semi-structured interview. The exposure histories of 400 individually matched pairs were compared. Increased or possibly increased odds ratios were observed for radiation (2.05, 95% confidence interval 1.16–3.76), halogenated organics (1.57, 0.97–2.57), metals (1.40, 0.99–2.00), several specific radiation exposures and individual chemicals and for childlessness (1.46, 1.01–2.11). Since myelodysplasia generally carries a poor prognosis, whether or not individuals convert to leukaemia or to other cancer, these findings add to previous reports of exposures implicated in the aetiology of leukaemia and add to the case for minimizing exposures to radiation and halogenated organics.
Variaciones Interprovlnciales en la Morfalidad por Cáncer: Análisis Factorial y de Clusters
1990, Gaceta Sanitaria
Analizamos las tasas de mortalidad por dieciséis localizaciones tumorales en hombres, en las cincuenta provincias españolas, mediante dos técnicas descriptivas multivariantes de reducción de datos: el análisis factorial y el análisis de clusters. Se identificaron cinco factores independientes mediante el análisis factorial. El análisis de clusters agregó las provincias en diferentes grupos usando las puntuaciones factoriales como criterio de agrupación. Dichos grupos muestran un perfil distintivo de mortalidad para las diferentes localizaciones tumorales analizadas.
Cancer mortality rates among males, for sixteen sites in the fifty Spanish provinces were analyzed using two data reduction techniques, factor and cluster analysis. Five independent underlying factors were identified by factor analysis which appear to influence cancer mortality patterns. Cluster analysis aggregated provinces into different groups using these factor scores as the clustering criteria. Each of the groups thus defined a distinctive profile of site-specific cancer mortality rates.
Cigarette smoking and leukemia
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Malignancies induced by chlorambucil
1984, Cancer Treatment Reviews
There is a high incidence of acute myeloid leukaemia in patients who have been treated with chlorambucil. This appears at least in part to be directly due to the drug itself and cannot be attributed to the disease processes for which the drug is given. Patients with connective tissue diseases may be more sensitive to this leukaemogenic effect of chlorambucil than patients with other non-malignant conditions.
Cigarette smoking and risk of acute leukemia: Associations with morphology and cytogenetic abnormalities in bone marrow
1993, Journal of the National Cancer Institute

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The Epidemiology Of Leukemia

Publisher Summary

Lancet

Blood

Lancet

Lancet

Lancet

Lancet

Lancet

J. Chronic Dis.

Am. J. Med.

Lancet

Lancet

Blood

Lancet

Lancet

Lancet

Lancet

Br. Med. J.

Pop. Trends

“An Introduction to Epidemiology”

Br. J. Radiol.

Itit. J. Epidemiol

Cnncer

Am. J. Epidemiol.

Arch. Malodies Hecrrt (Paris)

Publ. Health Rep.

Cancer

Ann. Hum. Genet.(London)

Nuritre (London) New Biol.

Br. Med. J.

Eniiron. Hecilth Prrsp.

Atin. N.Y. Acd. Sci.

Br. J. Haematol.

New Engl. J. Med.

Br. J. Caticer

Br. Med. J.

Ann. Intern. Med.

Int. J. Cancer

Arch. Intern. Med.

Br. Med. J.

Br. J. Cancer

Br. J. Radiol.

Br. Med. J.

Br. Med. J.

New Engl. J. Med.

Am. J. Pitblic Health

Anaesthrsiology

Br. J. Radiol.

J. Natl. Cancer Inst.