Facemask wearing for in vivo sampling of bacteria, viruses, proteins, and metabolites in human exhaled breath are reviewed.
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Facemask wearing for in situ sampling of human inhalable pollutants from ambient air is introduced.
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Composition analysis of human inhalable contaminations from facemask devices is summarized.
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New features of facemask sampling are highlighted.
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New perspectives and challenges on facemask sampling are discussed.
Abstract
Since the COVID-19 pandemic, the unprecedented use of facemasks has been requiring for wearing in daily life. By wearing facemask, human exhaled breath aerosols and inhaled environmental exposures can be efficiently filtered and thus various filtration residues can be deposited in facemask. Therefore, facemask could be a simple, wearable, in vivo, onsite and noninvasive sampler for collecting exhaled and inhalable compositions, and gain new insights into human health and environmental exposure. In this review, the recent advances in developments and applications of in vivo facemask sampling of human exhaled bacteria, viruses, proteins, and metabolites, and inhalable facemask contaminants and air pollutants, are reviewed. New features of facemask sampling are highlighted. The perspectives and challenges on further development and potential applications of facemask devices are also discussed.
