Systematic Review
Does the use of an adhesive improve conventional complete dentures? A systematic review of randomized controlled trials

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.11.041Get rights and content

Abstract

Statement of problem

A consensus on whether the use of a complete-denture adhesive provides a clinical benefit remains unclear.

Purpose

The purpose of this systematic review of randomized controlled trials was to evaluate the use of adhesive in complete dentures in terms of retention and stability, patient-reported outcomes measures, and masticatory performance.

Material and methods

A search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library for articles up to October 2020. The Cochrane collaboration tool was used to analyze the risk of bias. The grading quality of evidence and strength of recommendations (GRADE) tool was used to assess the certainty of the evidence.

Results

Thirteen studies were included with a total of 516 participants with a mean age of 65.5 years. Most studies reported a significant improvement in the retention and stability, patient-reported outcomes measures, and masticatory performance of complete dentures with the use of denture adhesive compared with no-denture adhesive. Newly developed denture adhesives were reported to have promising results. Most studies presented a low risk of bias, but the certainty of the evidence was classified as low to moderate.

Conclusions

Participants had improved treatment outcomes when using denture adhesives because they significantly improve the retention and stability, patient-reported outcomes measures, and masticatory performance. However, further high-quality studies are needed to confirm these results with newly developed denture adhesives.

Section snippets

Material and methods

This systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA).13 Furthermore, the review protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO – CRD42020183857).

A question was formulated based on the population, intervention, comparison, outcomes, and study design (PICOS). The question was “Does the use of an adhesive in conventional complete dentures present similar retention, stability, PROM, and

Results

The literature search of all electronic databases yielded 3107 articles: MEDLINE/PubMed (n=2491), Embase (n=408), Web of Science (n=124), and Cochrane Library (n=84). After removing duplicates, 2523 articles remained, with no additional articles after hand searches. After evaluation of the titles and abstracts, a total of 42 articles were considered for full reading, and 29 were excluded because they did not met the eligibility criteria (Supplemental Table 1, available online). Details of the

Discussion

The first null hypothesis—that the use of denture adhesives would not affect retention and stability—was rejected because a significant overall increase was observed with the use of denture adhesive as per the different measurement instruments. These results corroborate those of previous studies that reported that denture adhesive significantly improves retention and stability in complete dentures.7,24,25

These results can be explained by the fact that denture adhesive in contact with the

Conclusions

Based on the findings of this systematic review, the following conclusions were drawn:

1. The use of denture adhesives in conventional complete dentures improved the overall performance of treatment, increasing the retention, stability, masticatory performance, and satisfaction of patients with complete edentulism.

2. Newly developed denture adhesives should be evaluated in future well-conducted clinical studies.

Acknowledgments

Postdoctoral fellowship of Programa Nacional de Pós Doutorado of Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (PNPD/CAPES).

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