Systematic ReviewEvaluation of the efficacy of keratinized mucosa augmentation techniques around dental implants: A systematic review
Section snippets
Material and Methods
The focused question was, “What are the effects of various techniques and biomaterials on periimplant KM augmentation in terms of KMW and periimplant tissue health?”
The National Library of Medicine (Medline via PubMed) and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched for relevant articles published between January 1, 1980, and December 31, 2013. The search, limited to human subjects, was designed to include any evidence associated with soft tissue manipulations around dental
Results
The search strategy resulted in 737 articles. After initial screening, 60 potentially relevant articles were identified. After going through the full texts, only 6 studies were selected. Hand-searching or cross-referencing did not result in any additional articles. Therefore, 6 studies were finally included (Fig. 1).
The details of included studies are shown in Table 2. Only 2 were RCTs, both presenting parallel design, one with 4 study groups and a 1- to 9-year follow-up (Study 1) and the other
Discussion
Various techniques and materials have been proposed to augment periimplant KM. The lack of clinical studies impeded the evaluation of these procedures and materials. In the present review, a comprehensive search was conducted. The results of the combined procedure (immediate implant+CTG) showed improved KMW. Immediate implant placement offered many advantages over conventional treatment.65 However, esthetic risks existed in this treatment option because of postextraction dimensional tissue
Conclusions
Although all included studies reported satisfactory results regarding KMW increase by using CTG, ADM, or CM, definitive answers could not be provided to the questions posed initially because of the scarcity of eligible articles, especially well-designed RCTs. Investigators should perfect their study designs and choose valid parameters and unified methods of measurement.
Acknowledgments
The authors are thankful for the valuable suggestions from Hans Peter Weber and Hamasat Gheddaf Dam during the initiation of the study; and we appreciate the critical review provided by Shrestha Rachana, West China School of Stomatology.
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