Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
Oral and maxillofacial surgeryCharacterization of primary osteocyte-like cells from rat mandibles
Section snippets
Materials and Methods
This investigation conforms to the guide for the care and use of laboratory animals published by the US National Institutes of Health. The study was approved by Georgia Regents University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee.
Results
Isolation of osteocyte-like cells from mandibular bone is a difficult process because these cells exist within the bone matrix. Multiple steps of bone cutting and sequential digestion process were performed to treat mandibular bone fragments. The fragments were cultured in petri dishes (see Figure 1A). After 2 weeks in culture, a high number of viable primary osteocyte-like cells migrated out of the explanted bone fragments (see Figure 1B). The cells showed stellate morphology characteristic of
Discussion
Cells isolated from rat mandibles exhibited the stellate morphology characteristic of osteocytes and were podoplanin (E11) positive. Podoplanin is one of the earliest osteocyte-selective markers, as the osteoblast is embedded and differentiates into an osteocyte. This protein first appears on the dentritic processes. It promotes dentritic process elongation and is important for osteocyte cell activity.39 Podoplanin expression is strong evidence of an osteocyte-like phenotype. Morphologically,
Conclusions
In summary, we propose that a protocol for isolation of mandibular cells exhibited cells with osteocyte-like morphology that tested positive for osteocytic biochemical markers osteocalcin, podoplanin (sorting and immunohistochemistry), and sclerostin. Furthermore, the cells demonstrated low alkaline phosphatase activity. This profile supports the identity of these primary mandibular cells as being osteocyte-like cells. Osteoblasts from the tibia and the mandible have differences in
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This work was supported by a National Institutes of Health grant (R15 de022455-01 A1) to R.L.W.M. The MLO-Y4 cells were a gift from Lynda Bonewald.