Divergence of ape and human monoamine oxidase A gene promoters: Comparative analysis of polymorphisms, tandem repeat structures and transcriptional activities on reporter gene expression
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Acknowledgments
We wish to thank Prof. Osamu Takenaka of the Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, for providing the ape DNA. This study was partly funded by Grants-in-Aid for Human Science and Longevity Science from the Ministry of Health and Welfare; the Cooperation Research Program of the Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University; and the National Agriculture and Bio-oriented Research Organization (NARO), Japan.
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2020, Progress in NeurobiologyCitation Excerpt :In chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and bonobos (Pan paniscus), a single 30 bp-repeat sequence, identical to that in humans, was discovered (Wendland et al., 2006); however, most individuals display one repeat (Wendland et al., 2006), and an extremely rare, no-repeat allele with no repeats was found in 0.01 % of chimpanzees (Inoue-Murayama et al., 2006). In gorillas (Gorilla gorilla), the VNTR features 2, 3, 4, or 5 copies of a shorter repeat, featuring the first 18 bp of the human and chimpanzee copies (ACCGGCACCG GCACCAGT) (Inoue-Murayama et al., 2006). Of these alleles, the 2R variant was by far the most common (78.4 % of allelic frequency).
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2018, Comprehensive Toxicology: Third EditionEcology rather than psychology explains co-occurrence of predation and border patrols in male chimpanzees
2013, Animal BehaviourCitation Excerpt :A growing number of studies highlight the importance of primate genomics for understanding behavioural variation (Bradley & Lawler 2011). Targeted studies of genes associated with aggression (e.g. MAOA: Inoue-Murayama et al. 2006) or risk-seeking behaviour (e.g. DRD4: Seaman et al. 2000; Eisenberg et al. 2008) may indicate a genetic explanation for differences in hunting and patrolling behaviour. Additionally, more detailed analyses of within-individual variation in patrolling and hunting effort are needed.
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2008, Progress in Brain ResearchCitation Excerpt :Positron emission tomography has been applied to determine MAOA activity in brain of individuals with the long or short alleles using the radioligand 11Cl-chlorgyline and in contrast to transfection and cell line studies failed to detect significant differences in activity levels (Fowler et al., 2007). Intriguingly, VNTRs are also observed in the promoter regions of MAOA of a range of apes (Wendland et al., 2005); however, intra-species differences in transcriptional activity dependent on copy number of these motifs have not generally been observed (Inoue-Murayama et al., 2006). One of the most studied aspects of the significance of functional variants in MAOA is that relating to antisocial behaviour (ASB) and aggression in males.