Spatio-temporal expression patterns of anterior Hox genes during Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) embryonic development
Highlights
► Nile tilapia Hox PG3-6 genes are expressed in the pharyngeal arches and neural tube. ► Several of these genes show divergent expression to orthologs of other teleosts. ► Divergent Hox expression may result in divergent PJA morphologies in teleosts.
Section snippets
Results and discussion
The nested expression of Hox genes along the antero-posterior axis of vertebrate and arthropod embryos has been proposed to provide a combinatorial code resulting in the specification of regional identity (Kessel and Gruss, 1991). Accordingly, variations in this Hox code may have resulted in the diversification of animal morphologies. We previously described a clear but incomplete combinatorial code of Hox gene expression in the precursors of the cichlid pharyngeal jaw apparatus (PJA) –
Nile Tilapia hoxb3b, hoxc3a, hoxb4a, hoxa5a, hoxb5a, hoxb5b, hoxb6a and hoxb6b partial cDNA cloning
Tilapia hoxb3b, c3a, b4a, a5a, b5a, b5b, b6a and b6b partial cDNAs were generated from RT-PCR using total RNA isolated from O. niloticus embryos at 30, 50, 64 and 72 hours post fertilization (hpf). The total RNA was isolated using the Totally RNA kit (Ambion, Foster City, CA) and cDNAs were synthesized from the extracted total RNA using SuperScript III First-Strand Sythesis System (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA). PCR primer sets specific for each of the hoxb3b, c3a, b4a, a5a, b5a, b5b, b6a and b6b
Acknowledgments
We would like to thank Dr. Pierre Le Pabic for his comments on this manuscript.
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