Dataset of an in-use tertiary building collected from a detailed 3D mobile monitoring system and building automation system for indoor and outdoor air temperature analysis

A Mobile Monitoring System (MMS) has been designed taking into account the use of technology with high sensor accuracy and the ability to be installed easily and quickly in different cardinal locations, distribution spaces, volumes and at different heights of a tertiary in-use building located in Leioa (Bilbao). Two types of MMS have been designed with the objective of carrying out two types of analysis; one intended to do a global indoor air temperature uncertainty analysis and the other focused on doing a global outdoor air temperature uncertainty analysis. Eight tripods make up the interior MMS with twenty sensors at different heights, which have been installed in different offices in the building to collect indoor air temperature measurements at different heights and locations. In addition, eight sensors make up the exterior MMS to collect data from outdoor air temperature measurements around the building envelope. Both MMS have been integrated into the existing Building Automation System (BAS) of the tertiary building; some other data collected by the BAS has also been taken into account for the uncertainty analysis of indoor and outdoor air temperature. The interior and exterior MMS datasets have been compiled based on a rigorous data collection process, with the potential to use the data to study the spatial air temperature behavior, taking into account the impact of solar radiation, the heating system and the electrical energy consumption. Furthermore, it enables the global uncertainty of indoor and outdoor air temperature measurements on an in-use building to be estimated and to break it down into the different uncertainty sources, such as the sensor accuracy, vertical and horizontal temperature variability, solar radiation, occupancy and heating system effects. Finally, it enables the optimization of monitoring and control systems for BAS, heating and HVAC systems, as well as any monitoring system implemented in research tests using indoor and/or outdoor temperature measurements as key variables.

In-use tertiary building Indoor air temperature Outdoor air temperature Temperature uncertainty Energy performance of buildings (epb) a b s t r a c t A Mobile Monitoring System (MMS) has been designed taking into account the use of technology with high sensor accuracy and the ability to be installed easily and quickly in different cardinal locations, distribution spaces, volumes and at different heights of a tertiary in-use building located in Leioa (Bilbao). Two types of MMS have been designed with the objective of carrying out two types of analysis; one intended to do a global indoor air temperature uncertainty analysis and the other focused on doing a global outdoor air temperature uncertainty analysis. Eight tripods make up the interior MMS with twenty sensors at different heights, which have been installed in different offices in the building to collect indoor air temperature measurements at different heights and locations. In addition, eight sensors make up the exterior MMS to collect data from outdoor air temperature measurements around the building envelope. Both MMS have been integrated into the existing Building Automation System (BAS) of the tertiary building; some other data collected by the BAS has also been taken into account for the uncertainty analysis of indoor and outdoor air temperature. The interior and exterior MMS datasets have been compiled based on a rigorous data collection process, with the potential to use the data to study the spatial air temperature behavior, taking into account the impact of solar radiation, the heating system and the electrical energy consumption. Furthermore, it enables the global uncertainty of indoor and outdoor air temperature measurements on an in-use building to be estimated and to break it down into the different uncertainty sources, such as the sensor accuracy, vertical and horizontal temperature variability, solar radiation, occupancy and heating system effects. Finally, it enables the optimization of monitoring and control systems for BAS, heating and HVAC systems, as well as any monitoring system implemented in research tests using indoor and/or outdoor temperature measurements as key variables.
© 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license.

Dataset specifications Subject
Energy. (Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment).

Specific subject area
Indoor and outdoor air temperature uncertainty analysis of in-use tertiary buildings.

Type of data
Tables, text files How data were acquired Most of the data were collected from a Mobile Monitoring System (MMS), using Modbus [1] RTU-RS485 technology. The rest were acquired from a Building Automation System (BAS) installed during the European Union project: "Affordable and Adaptable Public Buildings through Energy Efficient Retrofitting (A2PBEER)" [2] , with KNX [3] technology. MMS is a temporary system, which was integrated into the existing BAS of the tertiary building.

Data format
Raw Parameters for data collection Interior MMS : Sensors were located at different heights and volume distributions. The mobile system is easy to move, connect and install in multiple, different spaces. Exterior MMS : Sensors were installed at different heights and cardinal locations around the tertiary building envelope. Existing BAS of building : Monitoring System (MS) whose sensors are fixed for the continuous monitoring of the building.

Description of data collection
The collected MMS data are the values sent from each sensor and recorded by BAS data acquisition system. The frequency and time instants for data acquisition have been determined by the moment in which a sensor sends a value and this value is recorded. Therefore, not all data columns have the same length. Interior MMS were installed in four different offices in the same building in different weeks. The monitoring period for each office test is approximately fifteen days in order to guarantee that enough data is collected without erroneous values for a proper statistical uncertainty analysis of the studied temperature. Exterior MMS installed around the tertiary building with different cardinal directions and different heights to collect data during various seasons. Likewise, some BAS measurements are included on the data files.
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Data source location
The west block of the admin building of the Value of the data • Indoor and outdoor air temperatures represent two of the main variables considered in buildings HVAC system control, to characterize the in-use building envelope energy behavior and to estimate the building energy demand, the users comfort level, among other. The presented datasets permit to study the total uncertainty of indoor and outdoor air temperature, being usual to consider only the sensor accuracy as the measurement uncertainty. • The scientific community or professionals working on the design and optimization of HVAC system controls in buildings, and on the improvement the building monitoring and controlling systems can use data to improve their researches and products. • For future research based on smart cities, the datasets of the experimental test carried out allow to improve the energy efficiency of buildings knowing a good representative value of the indoor and outdoor air temperatures to optimize the monitoring and controls of a BAS, HVAC system as well as any monitoring system. It also opens the study to improve the air temperature sensor technology so they can have more accurate and precise sensors. • The datasets allow complementing the current research studies in order to gain a better knowledge of the energy behavior of buildings and their subsystems, together with the user comfort, to reduce the energy consumption and its impact on the CO2 emissions. • These data sets make it possible to identify the best locations for indoor and outdoor air temperature sensors, to determine the minimum number of sensors, to estimate the experimental accuracy of the sensor technology and to study the impact of using solar radiation shielding, with and without forced ventilation in outdoor air sensors. All this helps to improve the technology used in monitoring and controlling systems of buildings. • Collected data allow knowing the representative value of indoor and outdoor air temperature, taking into account the vertical and horizontal stratification by zone or space, the accuracy and precision of sensors. It also provides information on the spatial air temperature as a function of location and number of measurements, the impact of ON/OFF solar radiation, the ON/OFF heating system and the ON/OFF electricity energy consumption.

Data description
There are three types of dataset; data collected from the existing Building Automation System (BAS) and from two Mobile Monitoring Systems (MMS), interior and exterior MMS. Each system is made up of different technologies.
For the interior experimental test, the Monitoring System (MS) has been conceived to be a mobile system, so as to be able to quickly change the MS to different spaces and floors, adapting it to different distances, heights and geometrics in each space. Eight tripods, twenty sensors, two gateways, Modbus wire and aero-connectors make up the interior MMS. In the case of the MS for the exterior experimental test, eight sensors have been placed around the building at different heights and cardinal orientations. A gateway, Modbus wire and aero-connectors composed the exterior MMS.
The technologies used for the interior and exterior MMS and the existing BAS of the tertiary building are:   [5] . Protocol communication Modbus-RTUS485. One unit. c Radiant temperature: WBGT-PT100 (4 L) (Ahlborn) [6] . Analogical communicationresistive signal. One unit. For the experimental test, the dataset collected from the existing BAS of the in-use building consisted of data from some selected electricity meters (EM/S3.16.1), calorimeters (Multical 602) and the Horizontal Global Solar Radiation (SK08-GLBS (ARCUS-EDS)) sensors. . * * * The OT test is the information collected from the interior MMS installed in four offices, where each tripod has been distributed in different locations within the monitored office. The TT test is the information collected from interior MMS where the tripods have been situated in the same place so that the twenty sensors have been measuring together at the same height.
The structure of the data files of the 3D MMS is divided into weeks and per unit of measurement. To identify the datasets for the experimental test,  Table 3 (further details in Section 4.1) show the coding for the interior and exterior MMS sensors and the selected measurements of the existing BAS of the in-use building. Table 7 , Table 8 and Table 9 show the sensor reference and location. To identify the MMS sensors in diagrams; Fig. 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig. 10 , Fig. 11 and Fig. 12 show a schematic location of the sensors.

Experimental design, materials and methods
The designed Mobile Monitoring System (MMS) was implemented to collect data in spaces with different distributions, cardinal orientations, volumes and at different heights of a tertiary building located in Leioa (Bilbao). The in-use building had been retrofitted in 2018 as a demonstrator building of the project "Affordable and Adaptable Public Buildings through Energy Efficient Retrofitting (A2PBEER)" [2] , and was equipped with a BAS system in 2013. The building after retrofitting is shown in Fig. 1 .  * * * ID sensors: 131 is the total electric power on F2 (F2 is composed of OT1, OT2 and OT3). 141 is the total electric power on F3 (OT4). 132 is the power supplied by the heating system to the north oriented offices at F2 (OT1 and OT2). 133 is the power supplied by the heating system to the south oriented offices at F2 (OT3). 142 is the power supplied by the heating system to the north oriented areas at F3 (OT4). 143 is the power supplied by the heating system to the south oriented areas at F3 (OT4). 142,143 is the total heating power supplied by the heating system to the F3 (sum of 142 and 143). 1413 is the horizontal global solar radiation. The measurement of 1413 is the only data that have been taken into account in both the OT test and the E test; the rest of the sensor measurements are taken into account only in the OT test, depending on the floor where the test is done. The following sections describe the building's characteristics and its existing BAS, along with the description of the interior and exterior MMS. In each section, there is information on the technical specifications, experimental layout distribution and geometric information of each monitored area.

The existing building automation system (BAS) and selected measurements
The tertiary building studied is the west block of the administrative building of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and consists of four floors. A nursery is located on the ground floor (F0) while the other three floors are made up of offices (floor one (F1), floor two (F2) and floor three (F3)). There is currently an existing Building Automation System (BAS) which was implemented during the A2PBEER project, with KNX protocol communication [3] . The KNX sensors installed in the existing BAS are described in Table 4 . Fig. 2 , Fig. 3 , Fig. 4 , Fig. 5 and Fig.  6 show the floor layouts for each building level, including the roof, and the selected BAS sensor references provided in this document.
The MMS experimental test was carried out on two of the four floors of this tertiary building, floors two (F2) and three (F3). These were selected because they can represent four different types of office layouts, each one representing a different office typology. F2 has the particularity that it is made up of three different, independent office spaces and F3 is a single office.

Office typologies (OT)
The offices monitored in this experimental test have different cardinal orientations, distributions, geometry and volumes, each of them with different typologies. Each monitored office will be identified as an Office Typology (OT), where each one has been classified according to the number of internal divisions called workspaces (WS) and each OT is located: • Office Typology 1 (OT1): Located in F2.   Table 5 shows the areas, heights and volumes of each OT and WS according to the architectural drawings shown in Fig. 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig. 10 and Fig. 11 .

Selected datasets from the existing building automation system (BAS)
Some selected datasets measured by the existing Building Automation System (BAS) have been included along with the Mobile Monitoring System (MMS) datasets. The main variables affecting the behavior of the indoor air temperature, such as the heat power input of the heating system, the total electricity active power consumption within the analysed office, and the horizontal global solar radiation, have been included in this document. The last signal is also important if the outdoor air temperature is to be analysed. Table 3 shows the file name code list for these datasets and a detailed description of the whole existing monitoring system can be found in [11] . Similarly, the position of these selected sensor references, included in the experimental test, are shown in Fig. 2 , Fig. 3 , Fig. 4 , Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 .  Fig. 2. F0 of the UPV/EHU admin building in Leioa. Based on A2PBEER project's architecture plans [2] .

Table 5
Areas, heights and volumes of OT and WS based on the architectural drawings shown in Fig. 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig. 10 and Fig. 11

Description of interior and exterior experimental tests using a 3D mobile monitoring system (MMS)
The criteria for choosing the technology for a monitoring and control system in a BAS or in experimental tests are important to determine the accuracy level of the sensors and their measurements. The technology currently used in domotic systems and BAS do not have the high precision and accuracy of laboratory technology; so it is necessary to introduce technology with  Table 3 . Based on A2PBEER project's architecture plans [2] . greater accuracy and precision in order to increase the reliability of the building monitoring and control systems [12] . Based on this perspective, the technology selected for this experimental test has been chosen with high precision sensors in mind, such as the sensors used in laboratory tests. The selection criteria were:     Table 3 . Based on A2PBEER project's architecture plans [2] . a Gateways with a capacity to integrate the new protocol communication and technology in the existing BAS of the tertiary building, which use KNX technology and protocol communication. 4 Viable costs.
In the following subsections, the implemented interior and exterior MMS technology is described, together with the MMS layout.

Interior experimental test and its 3D MMS on the different OT
The Monitoring System (MS) implemented in the experimental test is a mobile system that uses eight tripods distributed in the different volumes of the monitored Office Typologies (OT). Twenty sensors have been installed on eight tripods at different heights (shown in Fig. 7 ), while the types of sensor and their accuracy is described in Table 6 .
The protocol communication implemented in the MMS was Modbus RTU-RS485 [1] . For data collection, it was necessary to integrate the MMS into the admin building's BAS, which works with KNX protocol communication. It was necessary to use KNX Modbus RTU-RS485 gateways to integrate the MMS to the existing BAS [1] . The use of these gateways allowed the collected MMS data to be sent to the web server, and all the information to be exported to a single database. The gateway brand used is a DEEI KNX-Modbus RTU, whose reference is KNXRTU1K [7] . Table 6 shows a brief technical description of the installed gateway.   The eight tripods that make up the MMS were distributed spatially and temporally in different OTs of F2 and F3. The tripods were interconnected using aero-connectors with different wire lengths, allowing for a quick installation of the MMS and adaption of the system to the different spatial geometries. Table 7 shows the position of each sensor on each tripod, as well as sensor and manufacturing references. Table 8 shows the WS location in each OT with respect to the architectural drawings shown in Fig. 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig. 10 and Fig. 11 . The encoding of the dataset files is shown in Table 1 .
Two types of test have been carried out using the interior MMS: • Office Typology (OT) test : The OT test period datasets are prefixed by OTp.Tj , with p = 1 to 4 and j = 1 to 8 (see Table 1 ). Four office typologies were monitored, OT1, OT2, OT3 and OT4.  Table 1 ). All sensors were installed at the same height (at an average of 174 cm with a ± 12 cm strip) and the same location (see Fig. 7 ).

Exterior experimental test and its 3D MMS
Exterior MMS were located around the building's façade and roof. Eight sensors were located on the Exterior (E) of the building envelope at different heights: • Façades (F): At F1 height and F2 height.
Furthermore, the sensors were located at different cardinal orientations: North (n), South (s), East (e) and West (w). Seven out of the eight installed EE071-HTP sensors were protected against solar radiation using shields without mechanical ventilation and one with mechanical ventilation. Table 9 shows the sensor reference, cardinal orientation and height location of each sensor. Fig. 12 , Fig. 13 , Fig. 14 and Fig. 15 show, in the architectural drawings, the location of each  sensor on the building envelope. Remember that these dataset file codifications are presented in Table 2 .
The exterior experimental test is composed of two tests: • Exterior (E) test: The E test period datasets are prefixed by E.Fn and E.R3 , with n = 1 or 2 (see Table 2 ). • Exterior Together (ET) test: The ET test period datasets are prefixed by ET.R3 . All sensors are installed at the same location, five (sensor IDs 20 to 24) over the roof floor, while two (sensor IDs 25 to 26) are on the roof mast (see Fig. 16 ). The sensor ID 27 is also on a roof mast, but is not shown in Fig. 16 .  Fig. 8. OT1 sensor layout, located in F2. Based on A2PBEER project's architecture plans [2] .

Declaration of Competing Interest
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships, which have, or could be perceived to have, influenced the work reported in this article. Fig. 9. OT2 sensor layout, located in F2. Based on A2PBEER project's architecture plans [2] .

Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities and the European Regional Development Fund through the MONITHERM project 'Investigation of monitoring techniques of occupied buildings for their thermal characterization and methodology to identify their key performance indicators', project reference: RTI2018-096296-B-C22 (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE). The corresponding author also acknowledges the support provided by the University of the Basque Country and University of Bordeaux through a scholarship granted to Ms. Catalina Giraldo to complete her PhD degree through the Framework Agreement: Euro-regional Campus of Excellence within the context of their respective excellence projects, Euskampus and IdEx Bordeaux. Funder reference: PIFBUR 16/26.University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) . Fig. 11. OT4 sensor layout, located in F3. Based on A2PBEER project's architecture plans [2] .

Supplementary materials
Supplementary material associated with this article can be found, in the online version, at doi:10.1016/j.dib.2020.105907 .