Ecotoxicity and genetic toxicity data from a pulp mill bleaching effluent treated with anaerobic digestion and advanced oxidation process (AOP)

Wastewater treatment contributes to environmental sustainable development indicators such as clean water and sanitation, then, is imperative to improve the mechanisms and process of contaminant removals. The sewage and industrial effluents are the major contributors of pollutants in land and water discharges, and are necessary to enrich the available data for having reference parameters for plant designing and optimization. The physical andchemical assays alone could not be considered sufficient to assess properly the plant performance because complex mixtures demand ecological and biological parameters for a holistic evaluation. Hence, the ecotoxicity and the genetic toxicity measurement become an important tool to complement the conventional water quality parameters, but these parameters are not widely reported in the open access literature. Despite of several studies showed ecotoxicity and the genetic toxicity data, these could be considered not sufficient because the resulted information is derived from single compounds. Considering the scarce data mentioned above this article presents data on the genetic an ecological toxicity of an anaerobic effluent post-treated with ozone and ozone/UV generated by Chaparro et al. [1] and Chaparro and Pires [2].


a b s t r a c t
Wastewater treatment contributes to environmental sustainable development indicators such as clean water and sanitation, then, is imperative to improve the mechanisms and process of contaminant removals. The sewage and industrial effluents are the major contributors of pollutants in land and water discharges, and are necessary to enrich the available data for having reference parameters for plant designing and optimization. The physical andchemical assays alone could not be considered sufficient to assess properly the plant performance because complex mixtures demand ecological and biological parameters for a holistic evaluation. Hence, the ecotoxicity and the genetic toxicity measurement become an important tool to complement the conventional water quality parameters, but these parameters are not widely reported in the open access literature. Despite of several studies showed ecotoxicity and the genetic toxicity data, these could be considered not sufficient because the resulted information is derived from single compounds. Considering the scarce data mentioned above this article presents data on the genetic an ecological toxicity of an anaerobic effluent post-treated with ozone and ozone/UV generated by Chaparro et al. [1] and Chaparro and Pires [2]. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons. org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Data
The Table 1 resumes the main values derived from the ecotoxicology assays and the Table 2 presents the main characteristic of these measurements. The raw data of the acute and chronic toxicity are shown in: Table 3, Table 4, Table 5, Table 6, Table 7, Table 8, Table 9, Table 10, Table 11, Table 12, Table 13,  Table 14, Table 15, Table 16, Table 17, Table 18, Table 19. The Genetic toxicity was evaluated considering the results of the Chromosome aberrations index (CA), variation of the mitotic index (IM) and mutagenic effects as number of micronucleus (MN). The data is gathered in a Excel sheet file available in the Mendeley data website which can be found with the title "Ecotoxicity and genetic toxicity data (Allium cepa) from a bleaching wastewater treated on an anaerobic process and "Ecotoxicity and genetic toxicity data of an anaerobic effluent pos-treated with ozone and ozone/UV" respectively. Finally, Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show images of the main genetic effects observed after the treatments.
Specifications Table   Subject area  Environmental science  More specified Subject area Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis  Type of data  Table,

Value of the Data
The data presented in this article can be used as complementary tool to evaluate the performance of the combination of anaerobic digestion with advanced oxidation process treating complex mixtures. The data obtained from bioassays in particular from the higher plants as the Allium cepa L. cells provides relevant information about the genetic effects of an industrial wastewater. This data contains useful information for optimizing biological processes and treatment of industrial wastewater with non-conventional pollutants. This data contributes to the construction of new industrial discharge limits considering bioassays as wastewater quality indicators.
The data indicates that in mixture complex such as Pulp mill effluents is necessary implementing bioassays with different trophic levels to evaluate the toxic effects.

Experimental design, materials, and methods
The raw industrial wastewater was obtained from a kraft pulp mill with ECF sequence (Elemental Chlorine Free) located in Sao Paulo state e Brazil. Further information about the characteristics of this effluent can be found in Chaparro and Pires [3]. The pulp mill was treated biologically in a horizontal anaerobic immobilized biomass reactor (HAIB) for 306 days with an organic volumetric load of 2.33 kgCOD/m 3 . day and an hydraulic retention time of 25 h. The effluent from this reactor was subjected to ozone and ozone/UV oxidation tests without prior pH adjustment. The pH of the HAIB reactor effluent     was close to 8.6. The samples were taken at regular intervals during the experimental period to evaluate the ecotoxicity and the genetic toxicity. Ecotoxicity assays were conducted according to the Brazilian standards [4,5], which were expressed in acute and chronic toxicity units using the linear interpolation method [6,7]. Table 2 shows a brief summary of the main requirements for the acute and chronic toxicity bioassays.          Finally, the statistical analysis considered the non-parametric KruskaleWallis applied by means of the BioEstat 5.0 software (https://bioestat.software.informer.com/5.0/).