Dataset about Southern-Brazilian geopropolis: Physical and chemical perspectives

The dataset showed in this manuscript belongs to the investigation of the Southern-Brazilian geopropolis of stingless bees. Stingless bees are native species of insects from tropical areas; they produce honey, pollen and geopropolis that is composed of a mix of vegetal extracts, digestive enzymes, and mostly by soil. Used in folk medicine as antiseptic, antioxidant and antimicrobial agent, the composition is due to bee species, climate changes, local flora, and soil type. Moreover, the complex chemical content gives to the geopropolis a bioactive potential, with scavenging characteristics that is important to avoid free radical damages in the human health. Regarding the importance of exploring new natural matrices sources with bioactive potential, the first approach of chemical characterization of geopropolis is indispensable. Thus, ten samples of Southern-Brazilian geopropolis were analyzed and the bioactive responses obtained were discussed in the accompanying article titled “Southern-Brazilian geopropolis: A potential source of polyphenolic compounds and assessment of mineral composition”. Furthermore, the physicochemical analysis of moisture and ash content, the yield of extraction, the reducing activity and free radical scavenging potential of ethanolic extracts, the antimicrobial activity, and the analysis of HPLC-ESI-MS/MS chromatograms are the main data presented in brief. The data can guide scientists in order to know methods and data for these samples.

The dataset showed in this manuscript belongs to the investigation of the Southern-Brazilian geopropolis of stingless bees. Stingless bees are native species of insects from tropical areas; they produce honey, pollen and geopropolis that is composed of a mix of vegetal extracts, digestive enzymes, and mostly by soil. Used in folk medicine as antiseptic, antioxidant and antimicrobial agent, the composition is due to bee species, climate changes, local flora, and soil type. Moreover, the complex chemical content gives to the geopropolis a bioactive potential, with scavenging characteristics that is important to avoid free radical damages in the human health. Regarding the importance of exploring new natural matrices sources with bioactive potential, the first approach of chemical characterization of geopropolis is indispensable. Thus, ten samples of Southern-Brazilian geopropolis were analyzed and the bioactive responses obtained were discussed in the accompanying article titled "Southern-Brazilian geopropolis: A potential source of polyphenolic compounds and assessment of mineral composition". Furthermore, the physicochemical analysis of moisture and ash content, the yield of extraction, the reducing activity and free radical scavenging potential of ethanolic extracts, the antimicrobial activity, and the analysis of HPLC-ESI-MS/MS chromatograms are the main data presented in brief. The data can guide scientists in order to know methods and data for these samples.
© Value of the Data Data about geopropolis from stingless bees are appropriate regarding the lack of scientific information about this natural product. Also, taking into account the bioactive potential of slight unexplored natural sources. The data can serve as an indication for further applications of geopropolis in food matrices or even for pharmaceutical purposes, especially regarding the profile of polyphenolic analysis through the chromatograms and the methods used to access these profiles.
For further experiments using these data as insight, scientists can recognize the value of geopropolis samples and develop new set of experiments using other bee species worldwide, extending the methods showed forward. Besides, a comparison of the reference data with different sources. The sample preparation of methods below is useful in order to access each geopropolis characteristic. Each experiment in this brief was carefully performed in order to keep the accuracy of data, minimizing negative or positive assumptions.

Data
The dataset in this article describes some physical and chemical characteristics of ten samples of geopropolis. Table 1 describes the sample collection with general information about bee species, the geographical location where the geopropolis were collected, also the code used to refer to each sample. The percentage of moisture and ash content are showed in Table 2. In Table 3, it is describing the yield of extraction regarding two different solvents and three different periods for each geopropolis sample, elsewhere the statistical standard deviation and analysis of means by Tukey's test (95%). Regarding the ethanol as solvent, Table 4 brings the reducing activity and the free radical scavenging potential of geopropolis samples in three different periods of extraction. The mass/charge relation of each polyphenolic compound indicating the parent íon and the quantification íon, in addition to the retention time is in the Table 5.
The chromatograms of polyphenolic analysis are in Figs. 1e11. The analytical standards separation is represented in Fig. 1. Figs. 2e11 are the geopropolis samples, regarding the use of three different Table 1 Samples of geopropolis, location, and reference codes. strategies to access the polyphenolic composition of each: free polyphenolics, and bonded polyphenolics by using acid and alkaline hydrolysis. Finally, Fig. 12 showed the antimicrobial potential of geopropolis samples.
Samples were dried in an oven at 30 C for 12 h to avoid biological damages, subsequently grinded to standard the particle size and storage at À18 C in the dark until the analysis moment.

Determination of moisture and ash content
The moisture (925.09) content was determined using 3 g of each geopropolis sample in porcelain caps previously dried, and then samples were placed in oven at 105 C until constant weight [6]. Subsequently the residue of moisture content was reused to ash content (923.03) determination. The caps were heated in oven at 550 C until constant weight [6]. Both datas were expressed in % (m/m) of moisture and % (m/m) of ash content for each geopropolis sample.  2.2. Extraction procedure, the yield of extraction and determination of reducing activity and the free radical scavenging potential The details about the extraction procedure and the yield determination are available at [4]; topic 2.2.1. Briefly the extraction in two different solvents (pure methanol and pure ethanol) in a solid-liquid ratio of 3 g/10 mL were used for the determination of yield of extraction and the determination of reducing activity and the free radical scavenging potential of geopropolis samples in three different periods of extraction.
The determination of reducing activity was evaluated according to the capacity of extract to reduce the Folin-Ciocalteau reagent [8]. A hundred microliters of each geopropolis extract were added in a 10 mL glass tube with 2 mL of ultra-pure water, then 500 mL of Folin-Ciocalteau was added, and the reaction occurred after the addition of 1.5 mL of sodium carbonate (20% m/m). After 2 h, the absorbance was read in 765 nm, and the results evaluated in gallic acid equivalents (mg GAE 100 À1 g of sample) [8].
The free radical scavenging potential was determined according to the DPPH method. A methanolic DPPH solution (Abs 515nm 0.800) was added in cuvettes (2.9 mL) with 100 mL of each geopropolis sample. The absorbance was read after 30 min in the absence of light in 515 nm, and the results Table 4 Reducing activity and the free radical scavenging potential of crude geopropolis samples in three different periods of extraction using ethanol as extractor agent.

Polyphenolic composition by HPLCeESI-MS/MS
For the polyphenolic determination showed in Figs. 1e11, three extraction strategies were used to investigate the free and bonded phenolic compounds. First the free phenolic compounds were analyzed using a solid-liquid extraction regarding the methodology needs [1,7].           Second, to investigate the bonded polyphenolic compounds, an acid [7] and alkaline [5] hydrolysis were used in order to release this compounds to the solution.
The chromatographic separation occurred in an HPLC-ESI-MS/MS system, coupled with mass spectrometer. The details about the extraction method and the separation conditions are available in Ref. [4].

Antimicrobial potential
One gram of each geopropolis sample was extracted with 5 mL of methanol. Samples were extracted in the ultrasonic bath for 30 minutes (room temperature); after that, were kept under low temperature (5 ± 2 C) for 24 h, after that were again sonicated for more 30 minutes. The supernatant was separated in a centrifuge and reduced under low pressure until complete solvent evaporation. Subsequently, 5 mL of DMSO have used to recovery the geopropolis samples, filtered in 0.45 mm polytetrafluoroethylene syringe filter and analyzed.
Mueller Hinton agar plates with available cells of Escherichia coli (ATCC: 25922), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC: 25923) and Salmonella typhimurium (ATCC: 14028) in 10 5 CFU/mL cultivated in BHI broth were used to determinate the antimicrobial potential, according to agar diffusion method with wells technique [3].
The agar plates were perforated and 6e8 mm wells were performed. 30 mL of each geopropolis extracts (200 and 150 mg mL-1) were added in the wells followed by negative control (pure DMSO) and positive control (ciprofloxacin 0.05 mg mL À1 ). Petri plates were incubated at 37 C for 24 h. The potential antimicrobial effect was attributed when observed halo formation surrounding geopropolis samples wells. Assays were performed in duplicate.