Double slope solar still distillate output data set for conventional still and still with or without reflectors and PCM using high TDS water samples

The rate of distillate and temperatures are important factors for analyzing the solar stills. The higher rate of distillate and hence the higher efficiency can be achieved by engrossing different measures to develop the still, for example; double slope instead of single slope, incorporating reflectors for maximum insolation, use of PCM for increasing the time period of operation of solar still after sun hours. The data associated with developed double slope solar still is presented to correlate variation of distillate output with the still basin and glass cover temperatures as well as stills with and without reflectors and PCM for different types of high TDS level water samples. The data set of temperature and distillate output can be used to analyze the working of stills for its efficiency and effectiveness in terms of distillate yield.

Different water mixtures with variable TDS levels may have different distillate output depending on water level in basin and ratio of TDS to water. Water mixtures of high specific heat and thermal conductivity TDS, add to requirement of more heat to evaporate water thus affecting efficiency.   Analysis of Sample 2 e Waste water of RO plant (45% TDS)[ Table 8]

Experimental design, materials, and methods
The design methodology of the project involves designing symmetrical double slope solar still as per the output desired. The solar still is designed for an estimated output of around 2 liters. In addition, external reflectors and PCM energy storage unit has been used to increase the output efficiency [1,2]. Fig. 13 shows the actual setup of Double Slope Solar Still.
Base Area: Estimation of base area is required for determining the quantum of incident solar radiation necessary for producing the desired output. With a desired output of 2 liters of water, the amount of solar energy required can be calculated as          Reflector: In order to increase the incident solar radiation into the still, the external reflectors are incorporated [1,2]. Due to this evaporation rate is increased. The additional amount of solar energy incident on the solar still, due to the external reflector can be calculated as follows.
Considering 4000 KJ of excess energy is available, area of reflector required to obtain this energy. Average solar incident radiation for Solapur region is 533 W=m 2 Q req ¼ t glass Â A reflector Â I (7) Q req ¼ 331:8 W

Reflectors
Highly polished silver coated mirrors are used for high reflectivity of~0.99; so as to transmit maximum amount of radiation to the basin. Total reflector area is 1.5 m 2 .

Efficiency
The efficiency of solar still (Case 1e4)[ Table 9]is given by The actual maximum efficiency of solar still (Case 5 & 6, using PCM), needs total energy stored in PCM to be taken into account, which is Therefore, efficiency [ Table 9] of solar still using energy storage material is given by