Data of adsorption of Basic Blue 41 dye from aqueous solutions by activated carbon prepared from filamentous algae

For this data article the adsorption of Basic Blue 41 (BB 41) dye by activated carbon derived from filamentous algae (AAC) of available in agriculture waste as cheap adsorbents were examined. Activated carbon has been widely used as an adsorbent regard to its massive specific surface area, high porosity, reusability and thermal stability for the removal of pollutants from effluent. These filamentous algae grow widely in irrigation streams, causing decreasing speed of water flow and are not even eaten by livestock so are considered agricultural wastes. They can be used as precursors for activated carbon preparation and as adsorbent for the dye removal. The data of initial dye concentration (50–200 mg//L), pH of dye solution (3–9), adsorbent dosage (0.25–2 g/L), and contact time (5–200 min), were assessed. The structure of AAC was characterized by X-ray diffraction and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy. Activated carbon with a 94% removal of dye at concentration of 100 mg/L, pH 9, and adsorbent dose 1 g/L after 90 min. The data of isotherms and Kinetics indicated that the experimental data are fitted to Langmuir and second-pseudo-order models. Under the optimum conditions, maximum adsorption capacity of the AAC in Langmuir model enhanced to amount of 125 mg/g. According to the experimental data, filamentous algae are a suitable raw material for activated carbon production.


a b s t r a c t
For this data article the adsorption of Basic Blue 41 (BB 41) dye by activated carbon derived from filamentous algae (AAC) of available in agriculture waste as cheap adsorbents were examined. Activated carbon has been widely used as an adsorbent regard to its massive specific surface area, high porosity, reusability and thermal stability for the removal of pollutants from effluent. These filamentous algae grow widely in irrigation streams, causing decreasing speed of water flow and are not even eaten by livestock so are considered agricultural wastes. They can be used as precursors for activated carbon preparation and as adsorbent for the dye removal. The data of initial dye concentration (50-200 mg//L), pH of dye solution (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9), adsorbent dosage (0.25-2 g/L), and contact time (5-200 min), were assessed. The structure of AAC was characterized by X-ray diffraction and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy. Activated carbon with a 94% removal of dye at concentration of 100 mg/L, pH 9, and adsorbent dose 1 g/L after 90 min. The data of isotherms and Kinetics indicated that the experimental data are fitted to Langmuir and second-pseudo-order models. Under the  [3].

Value of the data
The data provides information about the adsorption process of BB 41 dye from aqueous solution by activated carbon under room temperature.
Activation method can be used to prepare activated carbon from algae powdered using H 3 PO 4 and data will be advantageous for scale up and design the adsorption experimental set up for removing dyes.
The adsorption process by activated carbon can be used as a convenient and environmentally friendly method for removing of different concentrations of dye.

Data
FTIR spectra was recorded in the range 400-4000 cm À 1 using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (PerkinElmer, USA), and Philips X'Pert Pro instrument (the Netherlands) was used to get XRD patterns of the activated carbon, respectively. The obtained data are shown in Fig. 1(a) and (b). The data of pH solution and contact time on removal efficiency are presented in Figs. 2 and 3. The kinetic and isotherm data and equation are calculated and listed in Tables 1-3. Comparison the adsorption capacity of AAC with the other adsorbents is presented in Table 4.

Materials
For this data article, all chemicals materials were purchased from Merck in analytical grade. Basic Blue 41 (Empirical Formula: C 20 H 26 N 4 O 6 S 2 , purity Z 98%) was the commercial product supplied from Alvan Sabet Hamadan Co (Iran) and used without further purification. The algae were collected from river in Ardabil, Iran. The pH of the solution was adjusted by mixing with the appropriate amount of

Preparation of activated carbon
The algae were collected from the streams in Ardabil, Iran. The algae were washed with using distilled water several times to remove the contamination and impurities such as dust and stones. The algae were dried at 60°C in oven for 72 h. Then dried algae were powdered to size 100 meshes. Chemical activation of the powdered precursor was accomplished with phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ). Powdered algae were impregnated with 30 wt% diluted H 3 PO 4 in 3:1 (activating agent/ powdered algae) ratio and soak time of one hour. The achieved product was placed in an electric furnace (5°C/ min) for 3 h at 650°C in a nitrogen flow rate of 94.4 mL/min. The samples were washed with HCl, hot water and distilled water respectively, to remove residual organic and mineral matters, and then dried in an oven at 105°C for 2 h. At the final preparation step, activated carbon samples were crushed and sieved in mesh size 100 to obtain homogenous particle size [4,5].  Table 1 Equations of isotherm and kinetic models [11][12][13][14].

Model types Model name Equation
Isotherm models Langmuir Pseudo-first-order Log(q e À q t ) ¼ log q e À (k 1 /2.303)t Pseudo-second-order t/q e ¼ 1/(k 2 q 2 e ) þ 1(1/q e )t Table 2 Kinetic parameters of BB 41 adsorption onto AAC obtained using of the pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order models [11].

Model
Pseudo-first-order Pseudo-second-order

Experimental procedure
Batch adsorption experiments were performed in 100 mL Erlenmeyer, in different concentrations of the BB 41 solutions and requested amount of AAC were placed. The pH of the solution was adjusted by mixing with the appropriate amount of 0.1 M H 2 SO 4 or NaOH. Then a specific amount of adsorbent was added to the Erlenmeyer flasks. The mixtures were continuously shaken in different times (agitation rate ¼ 250 rpm) at room temperature. After adsorption experiments, immediately the suspensions were separated by centrifuge. Then concentration of the remaining BB 41 was analyzed with a UV-vis spectrophotometer by monitoring the intensity of the peaks at wavelength of 617 nm [6] and comparing the values with those in the calibration curve. The experiments were repeated three times in during the process. The adsorption rate R (%) and the equilibrium adsorption capacity q e (mg/g) were calculated using the Eqs. (1) and (2), respectively [7][8][9][10].
Where C O and C e are the initial and the final concentration of BB 41 (mg/L), respectively, V is the volume of dye solution (L), and M is the dry weight of adsorbent used (g).

Acknowledgements
This article is the data of the thesis approved by Ardabil University of Medical Sciences with code IR.ARUMS.REC.1396.225. The authors would like to acknowledge Ardabil University of Medical Sciences for their financial support for this research.