Dataset of mechanical, marshall and rheological properties of crumb rubber – Bio-oil modified hot mix asphalt for sustainable pavement works

This data article presents information on the modification of bitumen with bio-oil pyrolyzed from cassava peels, and upgraded with a non-degradable polymer i.e. crumb rubber. Performance tests were carried out on the bio-oil crumb rubber modified bitumen. The main objective of bitumen modification is to produce new binders with improved mechanical, marshall and rheological properties [1]. The percentage of bio-oil by volume used for modification of bitumen was 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% respectively. Marshall Stability and flow tests were also carried out on the crumb rubber bio-asphalt produced.


a b s t r a c t
This data article presents information on the modification of bitumen with bio-oil pyrolyzed from cassava peels, and upgraded with a non-degradable polymer i.e. crumb rubber. Performance tests were carried out on the bio-oil crumb rubber modified bitumen. The main objective of bitumen modification is to produce new binders with improved mechanical, marshall and rheological properties [1]. The percentage of bio-oil by volume used for modification of bitumen was 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% respectively. Marshall Stability and flow tests were also carried out on the crumb rubber bio-asphalt produced.

Value of the data
Data in this article can be used for the design of sustainable flexible pavement structure incorporating bio-oil and crumb rubber. Bio-oil can be utilized to produce bio-asphalt by using it to modify petroleum asphalt [5].
Data obtained can be used for the planning and development of a bio-based economy. Data presented here under could be helpful in further research on bio-oil and crumb rubber modification of bitumen. It would also be relevant as it gives information on the possibility of conserving our natural mineral resources by recycling non degradable wastes and applying them in the road construction industry and at the same time reducing environmental pollution triggered by them.

Data
The dataset represents the experimental results of penetration, flash point, fire point, softening point, specific gravity, moisture content viscosity and ductility of virgin bitumen and bitumen modified with bio-oil from cassava peels and upgraded with crumb rubber [6,7]. It also reveals the particle size distribution of mineral aggregates used and the outcomes of Marshall Stability and flow test conducted on the polymer bio-asphalt subsequently produced. Laboratory tests were conducted at the Highway and Geotechnical Engineering Laboratory of Landmark University. Fig. 1 shows the bio mass (cassava peels) used in the investigation and the pyrolyzer fabricated to produce bio-oil from it on a small scale is as shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 3 shows the bio-oil extracted from the cassava peels. Table 1 shows the elemental composition of bio oil compared with virgin bitumen. The Effect of blending biooil and polymer on penetration grade of bitumen is shown in Table 2. Table 3 presents the influence of bio-oil modification on the ductility of bitumen. Effects of modification on Softening Point of bitumen are shown on Table 4. On Tables 5-9 are results depicting the effect of modification on loss on heating, specific gravity, moisture content, flash & fire point, and viscosity of bitumen respectively. Tables 10-13 are results of coarse aggregate characterization, particle size distribution, marshall properties for bio-oil modification, and marshall properties for bio-oil & crumb rubber modification respectively.

Experimental design, materials, and methods
The biomass (cassava peels) was sourced from the Garri processing plant located at the commercial farm of Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria. The bitumen was obtained    from a bitumen processing plant in Akure, Ondo State. The mineral aggregates used for the production of bituminous concrete were sourced from Omu-aran, Kwara state, Nigeria. Crumb rubber used as polymer was sourced from the scrap dump site of the Physical Planning Department of Landmark University. The Crumb Rubber was milled to powder [8], the proportion divided for  Table 12 Marshall properties for bio-oil modification.

Table 13
Marshall properties for bio-oil & crumb rubber modification. modification was the % passing sieve no 200 mm diameter mesh. The bio oil was extracted by pyrolysis, which involved the combustion of the dried cassava peels at a temperature of 529°C, in an anaerobic condition i.e. in the absence of oxygen and consequently produced solid (bio char), bio-oil, and bio gas. Bitumen was blended with the milled crumb rubber using a high speed shear emulsifying machine at 180°C [9], at 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% respectively and subsequently bio-oil was added to the mixture. The modified samples produced were subjected to penetration, density, ductility, flash and fire point, viscosity, loss on heating, softening point, specific gravity tests and water content tests using the appropriate testing equipment such as viscometer, Marshall Stability machine and others and the values are as presented. Marshall Stability and flow tests were carried out on the resultant crumb rubber bio asphalt mix produced (Figs. 4 and 5).