Data on comparative studies of lineaments extraction from ASTER DEM, SRTM, and Cartosat for Jilledubanderu River basin, Anantapur district, A.P, India by using remote sensing and GIS

The data deals with the functions that automatically extracted lineaments from the Cartosat, ASTER and SRTM of Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of different spatial resolutions, in the software ArcGIS 10.4. The extracted lineaments result shows the ASTER (Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer) DEM gives the lowest number of lineaments reflects Cartosat and SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) DEM shows a medium number of lineaments. Cartosat DEM is most appropriate for extraction of contours precisely rather than ASTER and SRTM. This study reveals the Cartosat DEM data is best to use extraction of lineaments in the Indian provinces, offers at most comprehensive geological structural info amongst all the data sets. The extracted lineaments lengths and densities are determined by the statistical method. Based on the data generated lineament density and rose diagram. Cartosat DEM data are the best suited for studying very small areas as through geological and structural information can be mined by using this data.


a b s t r a c t
The data deals with the functions that automatically extracted lineaments from the Cartosat, ASTER and SRTM of Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of different spatial resolutions, in the software Arc-GIS 10.4. The extracted lineaments result shows the ASTER (Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer) DEM gives the lowest number of lineaments reflects Cartosat and SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) DEM shows a medium number of lineaments. Cartosat DEM is most appropriate for extraction of contours precisely rather than ASTER and SRTM. This study reveals the Cartosat DEM data is best to use extraction of lineaments in the Indian provinces, offers at most comprehensive geological structural info amongst all the data sets. The extracted lineaments lengths and densities are determined by the statistical method. Based on the data generated lineament density and rose diagram. Cartosat DEM data are the best suited for studying very small areas as through geological and structural information can be mined by using this data.
& The data are accessible within the article.

Value of the data
The data can serve as baseline for the lineaments structures study of the area. Data presented here can be used to implement ground water recharge and management. Data are georeferenced and digitized it can be utilized in future studies. It is also useful to researchers, stakeholders and hydrogeologists for aquifer management. The data can be useful for the socio-economic of the study area.

Study area
Jilledubanderu basin situated in Anantapur district has been selected for the present study. The hierarchy of the river system related to the study area is shown below.

Maddileru -A tributary of Chitravathi River
Chitravathi -A tributary of river Pennar Jilledubanderu rises in the southeastern part of Anantapur district, a highly drought affected region. The basin is located between 77°48 0 34 00 E longitude to 78°58 0 11 00 E longitude and 14°0 5 0 35 00 North latitude to 14°26 0 45 00 North latitude. The entire geographical area of the river basin is 487 sqkm 2 falling in the topo sheets of 57F/15, 57F/16, 57J/3, and 57J/4 of scale 1:50,000 and covers the Bukkapatnam, Chennekottapalle, Dharmavaram, Kothacheruvu, Mudigubba, Nallamada, and Puttaparthi Mandals in Anantapur district, Andhra Pradesh, India and corresponding schematic diagram is shown in Fig. 1. The watershed comprises a total geographical area of 486.95 sqkm and covers parts of Bukkapatnam Mandal occupies more than half of the watershed area (52%) followed by Mudigubba (27%). The study area covered Archaean Peninsular Gneissic Complex of hornblende biotite gneiss, granodiorite, and Lamprophyre (GSI, 2002). These granitic rocks are traversed by means of dolerite dykes. In the northern a part of the watershed an isolated patch of lamprophyre is a gift and corresponding geology schematic diagram is shown in Fig. 2.

Data collection
The comparative studies of lineaments are studied through various datasets are ASTAER-DEM, SRTM, and Cartosat DEM in the present study. ASTER and SRTM DEM have a different spatial resolutions of 1 00 (30 m) and 3 00 (90 m). The Cartosat l DEM is developed by ISRO for indian territories having a spatial resolution of 30 m. These DEM images are geometrically ortho-corrected for higher precision of surface elevation [1]. Table 1 represents a through information and source to download these datasets.

Processing of data
Now a days, geospatial technologies plays important role in the extraction of geological and structural features. Here, SRTM, ASTER, and Cartosat DEM datasets are used inthe research of shaded relief maps and geological and structural linear surface structures such as a cliff, scarp, straight valleys, straight river channels, dykes and lineaments etc. were digitized manually at 1:100,000 scale after the preparation of shaded relief maps [2,3]. The scale was maintained at different scales can provide different terrain maps which can further lead to the differences and errors while outlining the lineaments from diverse datasets. After the removal of man-made structural features, length and frequency of all the extracted lineaments were calculated in ArcGIS 10.4 software in order to compare the data sets [4][5][6][7]. Lineament density maps was prepared through ArcGIS 10.4 environment using ''Line density'' tool with the formerly extracted lineament data comparisons and analysis of lineaments was done in Rockware software for the preparation of rose diagrams [8].

Lineaments
The lineaments maps are prepared from shaded relief maps through ArcGIS 10.4 software resulted from different DEMS (Fig. 3) [8][9][10]. Basin wise assessment of all lineament variables extracted by using SRTM, ASTER and Cartosat DEM is shown in Table 2. Observation indicates that total length of lineaments was comparatively higher inthe study area when it is drawn out by using Cartosat DEM shown in Fig. 4. Table 3 denotesentire length and frequency of lineaments for the entire study area [11][12][13]. Maximum number of lineaments (n ¼ 264) are extracted from Cartosat DEM. Whereas the lowest number of lineaments could be found by using ASTER (n ¼ 113). Therefore, it obviously appearances that more lineaments could be extracted by means of Cartosat and the least number of lineament can be drawn by means of ASTER DEM in spite of poor resolution of SRTM (n ¼ 182), it is capable of providing a higher number of lineaments compared to the ASTER DEM [8]. These studies also reported that SRTM is better than ASTER DEM concerning surface feature extraction, such as drainage and slope [14][15][16][17].

Lineament density
Lineament density can be proposed as the entire length of lineaments per unit extent.It affords a many valued geological facts about the high strength of tectonic distortion [18], rock fracturing and shearing [19], groundwater possibilities [20]. Thus, the control of lineament density is an significant and useful technique to capture many applied geological aspects and suitable datasets and careful observation offer more precision in case of lineament concentration of an area. The lineament density map of all lineaments extracted from all the data sets was related to capture the lineament concentration pattern inside the basins (Fig. 5). It is remarkably observed that for all the basins, a higher density of lineaments established in the case of Cartosat data while SRTM and ASTER data show lower density. Rose diagram has been built to associate and examines lineament directions and frequency for the study  area [21] (Fig. 6). Rose diagrams mined from different data sets for a specific basin show alike trend of frequency and directions. It shows that altering of datasets does not have any considerable effect on the orientation of lineaments. In study area, orientations are mainly in N-E, S-W, NNE-SSW and NNW-SSE directions. Very limited lineaments are found to have a trend of S-E, N-W AND SSE-NNW directions.