Data on optimization of production parameters on Persea Americana (Avocado) plant oil biodiesel yield and quality

Biodiesel has continued to receive enormous patronage from world energy demand as a result of its renewable nature, low toxicity, rapid degradation, robust fuel performance and low emission characteristics and its overall environmental friendliness. Hence, these data showed the optimization of temperature, catalyst concentration and type of catalyst, alcohol type and alcohol to oil molar ratio and reaction time on Avocado plant oil biodiesel yield and quality produced via alkali-catalyzed transesterification reaction. Data on the quality of the biodiesel produced by using the American Standard for Testing Materials (ASTM) procedures for biodiesel characterization with different concentrations of alcohol and catalyst under varying temperatures and reaction durations are also provided. The tested biodiesel properties are the cold flow properties (pour point and cloud point) and the critical parameters such as kinematic viscosity at 40 °C, specific gravity at 15 °C, flash point, cetane number, calorific value, iodine value, acid number and sulphated ash percentage.


a b s t r a c t
Biodiesel has continued to receive enormous patronage from world energy demand as a result of its renewable nature, low toxicity, rapid degradation, robust fuel performance and low emission characteristics and its overall environmental friendliness.
Hence, these data showed the optimization of temperature, catalyst concentration and type of catalyst, alcohol type and alcohol to oil molar ratio and reaction time on Avocado plant oil biodiesel yield and quality produced via alkali-catalyzed transesterification reaction. Data on the quality of the biodiesel produced by using the American Standard for Testing Materials (ASTM) procedures for biodiesel characterization with different concentrations of alcohol and catalyst under varying temperatures and reaction durations are also provided. The tested biodiesel properties are the cold flow properties (pour point and cloud point) and the critical parameters such as kinematic viscosity at 40°C, specific gravity at 15°C, flash point, cetane number, calorific value, iodine value, acid number and sulphated ash percentage.
&  Table   Subject area  Chemical Engineering  More specific subject area  Bio engineering  Type of data  Tables, figures  How data was acquired Experimental. Avocado biodiesel was synthesized in the laboratory by using the following apparatus: measuring cylinder, Erlenmeyer flask, digital weighing balance, magnetic stirrer, electric oven and separating funnel. The biodiesel qualities were evaluated by using the American Standard for Testing Materials (ASTM) procedures. Data format Raw, Analyzed Experimental factors

Specifications
Biodiesel yield and quality from transesterification reaction is dependent on a lot of factors. These are reaction time, type of alcohol and alcohol to oil molar ratio, reaction temperature and pressure, concentration and type of catalyst, water content and free fatty acid level in fats and oils.

Experimental features
The Avocado biodiesel was produced in the laboratory by the reaction of a known quantity (1000 ml and 600 ml) of Avocado Oil with selected alcohols (

Value of the data
The data showed the technical viability and environmental friendliness potential of Avocado Oil as new discovery and promising candidate in the endless search for biodiesel fuel.
The data will provide useful information to the scientific community on the effect of various production parameters on Avocado (Persea Americana) plant oil in biodiesel yield and quality produced via alkali catalyzed transesterification reaction.
The data describes the optimum conditions under which biodiesel production from Avocado Oil can be termed efficient and thereby reducing cost of production and waste.
The data analyzed and compared the quality of biodiesel obtained by varying degree of alcohol and type of alcohol as well as catalyst concentration and type of catalyst by using American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) standard procedures and techniques.
The data will serve as guide to various bio-energy operators on the consequence of increasing and reducing one parameter or the other on biodiesel cold flow properties and critical parameters.

Data
The data obtained from this research work come from the experimental investigation of the effect of temperature, catalyst concentration and type of catalyst, alcohol type and alcohol to oil molar ratio and reaction time on Avocado plant oil biodiesel yield and quality produced via alkali catalyzed transesterification reaction. These parameters were varied at reasonable ratios and concentrations and the emerging result on biodiesel yield and quality were measured. Table 1and Fig. 2 showed the effect of temperature on Avocado plant oil biodiesel yield production by using Avocado Oil volume of 1000 ml, Methanol to Oil molar ratio of 6:1 and NaOH catalyst concentration of 1%w/w and reaction time of two hours (2 h). Table 2   molar ratio on biodiesel yield produced by reacting 600 ml of Avocado Oil with different concentrations of methanol and ethanol in the presence of 1%w/w concentration of sodium hydroxide catalyst and reaction temperature of 65°C for two hours. The data on the effect of catalysts type and    concentration are presented in Table 3 and Fig. 4. The analyzed biodiesel was produced by reacting 1000 ml of Avocado Oil with NaOH and KOH catalysts at different concentrations. The catalysts were firstly dissolved in methanol to form Alkoxides and methanol to oil molar ratio of 6:1 was used while the transesterification reaction was carried out at temperature of 65°C and reaction time of two hours. Similarly, Table 4 and Fig. 5 represent the effect of different reaction durations on biodiesel   yield by the transesterification of 600 ml of Avocado Oil in the presence of sodium hydroxide catalyst (1%w/w NaOH). The reaction temperature was 65°C and alcohol to oil molar ratio of 6:1 and 9:1 was used for methanol and ethanol respectively. Finally, the effects of various parameters and reagents on Avocado biodiesel qualities are presented in Tables 5-8. The importance of repeatability in data accuracy and precision was considered during the course of the experiment.

Experimental design, materials and methods
The Avocado biodiesel was produced in the laboratory by a process known as transesterification [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] and the reaction is a six staged process of oil heating, formation of alkoxide, transesterification reaction, products separation, crude biodiesel purification and methanol recovery. The process flow chart is shown in Fig. 1. The process involves the reaction of a known quantity (1000 ml and 600 ml) of Avocado Oil with selected alcohols (Methanol and Ethanol) at various Alcohol to Oil molar ratios under different operating conditions of temperature and catalyst concentrations (NaOH and KOH catalyst). The reaction mechanism has three main steps as shown in Eqs. (1)-(3). The first step involves an attack by the alkoxyde ion, to form a tetrahedrical intermediate. The second step involves the generation of alkoxyde by the reaction between the intermediate produced in the first step with an alcohol molecule. While in the last step, ester and diglycerides are produced with the liberation of three ester molecules(biodiesel) and glycerol (propane 1,2,3 triol).