Data set of the toxic effects of divaricatic acid depside on Biomphalaria glabrata and Schistosoma mansoni cercariae☆

In this study, the molluscicidal and antiparasitic activities of divaricatic acid was evaluated, targeting the mollusc Biomphalaria glabrata and cercariae of the helminth Schistosoma mansoni. Divaricatic acid showed high toxicity against both adult snails (5.5 μg/mL) and embryos (20 μg/mL after 6 h of exposure). Similar activity was observed in S. mansoni cercariae after only a short exposure time. The divaricatic acid proved to be a promising substance for the control of the snail B. glabrata, an intermediate host of schistosomiasis, as well as the cercariae of the pathogen.

In this study, the molluscicidal and antiparasitic activities of divaricatic acid was evaluated, targeting the mollusc Biomphalaria glabrata and cercariae of the helminth Schistosoma mansoni. Divaricatic acid showed high toxicity against both adult snails (5.5 μg/mL) and embryos (20 μg/mL after 6 h of exposure). Similar activity was observed in S. mansoni cercariae after only a short exposure time. The divaricatic acid proved to be a promising substance for the control of the snail B.

Value of the data
The data detail the embryotoxic, molluscicidal and cercaricidal activities of divaricatic acid, facilitating the correlation between the different tests and their concentrations, aiming to eliminate the vector in its different phases, and the etiologic agent of schistosomiasis in the same concentrations.
The data provide a better understanding of the inviability/mortality information of B. glabrata used to obtain the lethal concentrations (LC 10 , LC 50 and LC 90 ) present in the original article.
A more detailed view at the end of the analysis of the cercaricidal activity is provided by the expression of numerical data.

Date
The data presented in this paper provide results related to embryotoxicity of divaricatic acid on Biomphalaria glabrata at different exposure times (6, 12, 18 and 24 h) ( Table 1)

Biomphalaria glabrata molluscs
Geographical line from São Lourenço da Mata, Pernambuco, Brazil, maintained by successive generations in the Laboratory of Radiobiology of the Department of Biophysics and Radiobiology (UFPE).

Divaricatic acid
Divaricatic acid was obtained from the ethereal extract of Ramalina aspera lichen and isolated according to the crystallization methodology of Asahina and Shibata [1] with modifications and its purity was confirmed by Thin Layer Chromatography [2] and High Performance Liquid Chromatography [3].

Embryotoxicity test in B. glabrata
The assay was performed according to the methodology described by Oliveira-Filho and Paumgartten [4]. B. glabrata embryos in the blastula stage (n ¼ 100) were exposed to divaricatic acid solubilized in 0.5% DMSO in different concentrations (7.5, 8.0, 8.5, 9.5, 10.0, 10.5, 11.0, 11.5, 12.0, 15.0 and 20 μg/mL), incubated for 6, 12, 18 and 24 h (25°C 7 3) and subsequently washed with filtered and dechlorinated water (pH 7.0). The negative control was formed by two groups exposed to filtered and dechlorinated water (Control 1) and 0.5% DMSO solution (Control 2). Niclosamide (Bayluscide, Bayer) was used for the positive control [5], at a concentration of 1 μg/mL. Eight days after exposure, the embryos were analyzed for inviability (malformed embryos or dead) through a stereoscopic  microscope and classified into embryos that were hatchlings and inviable (dead or malformed). The experiment was performed in triplicate.

Lethality test in B. glabrata
The assay was performed according to the methodology described by World Health Organization [6]. Adults B. glabrata snails were exposed to concentrations of 2.5, 3.5, 4.5 and 5.5 μg/mL of divaricatic acid solubilized with 0.5% DMSO for 24 h (25°C 7 3). The negative control was formed by two groups exposed to filtered and dechlorinated water (Control 1) and 0.5% DMSO solution (Control 2).
The snails were observed daily and eight days after exposure, they were analyzed for lethality (absence of body movement, deep retraction into the shell, loss of hemolymph and absence of heartbeat).The test was performed in triplicate.

Lethality test on Schistosoma mansoni cercariae
The assay was performed according to the methodology described by Santos et al. [8] with modifications. Snails of the species B. glabrata were exposed for 1 h in artificial light for the release of cercariae. For the test, approximately 100 cercariae were exposed to concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, 10.0 and 100 μg/mL of divaricatic acid. The divaricatic acid was solubilized in 0.5% DMSO. The negative control was formed by two groups exposed to filtered and dechlorinated water (Control 1) and 0.5% DMSO solution (Control 2). Niclosamide (Bayluscide, Bayer) was used for the positive control [9], at a concentration of 1 μg/mL. Afterwards, the cercariae were evaluated and counted for mortality after the 2 h period of exposure. The test was performed in triplicate.

Transparency document. Supporting information
Transparency data associated with this article can be found in the online version at https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.dib.2018.05.071.