Dataset of spray deposit distribution in vine canopy for two contrasted performance sprayers during a vegetative cycle associated with crop indicators (LWA and TRV)

In 2016, spray deposit measurements have been carried out according to ISO22522:2007 on a vine estate (Domaine Mas Piquet, 15 ha, Languedoc). On this estate, plots vigor ranges from low to medium compared to other vineyards. On 4 days (28th April, 25th May, 23rd June and 18th July 2016), spray deposition has been measured on 5 plots of different vine varieties chosen for their distinct vigor. Two different sprayers have been used: a low performance sprayer (pneumatic arch sprayer used every 4 rows) and a high performance sprayer (air assisted side by side sprayer). Spray deposition was measured using a tracer (Tartrazine E102) sprayed on sampling 40 cm² PVC collectors placed within the vegetation: on each plot, 4 trees have been sampled for each sprayer. On each tree, collectors were positioned on leaves within the canopy according to a profile perpendicular to the row, following a grid 20 cm high and 10 cm wide with one collector per pixel. A total amount of 3048 collectors have been analyzed individually. The dataset provide the normalized deposit expressed per unit of leaves area for one gram of tracer sprayed per hectare (unit: ng dm−2 for 1 g ha−1) on each collector. In addition, the dataset propose crop parameters measured manually on each sampled tree: inter-row distance, height, average of thickness in order to calculate two crop structure indicators: TRV (Tree Row volume) and LWA (Leaf Wall Area).


a b s t r a c t
In 2016, spray deposit measurements have been carried out according to ISO22522:2007 on a vine estate (Domaine Mas Piquet, 15 ha, Languedoc). On this estate, plots vigor ranges from low to medium compared to other vineyards. On 4 days (28th April, 25th May, 23rd June and 18th July 2016), spray deposition has been measured on 5 plots of different vine varieties chosen for their distinct vigor. Two different sprayers have been used: a low performance sprayer (pneumatic arch sprayer used every 4 rows) and a high performance sprayer (air assisted side by side sprayer). Spray deposition was measured using a tracer (Tartrazine E102) sprayed on sampling 40 cm² PVC collectors placed within the vegetation: on each plot, 4 trees have been sampled for each sprayer. On each tree, collectors were positioned on leaves within the canopy according to a profile perpendicular to the row, following a grid 20 cm high and 10 cm wide with one collector per pixel. A total amount of 3048 collectors have been analyzed individually. The dataset provide the normalized deposit expressed per unit of leaves area for one gram of tracer sprayed per hectare (unit: ng dm −2 for 1 g ha −1 ) on each collector. In addition, the dataset propose crop parameters measured manually on each sampled

Tree sampling
For each 15 m row section, 4 trees were selected to be the most vigorous trees on this section. On each tree, collectors were positioned on leaves within the canopy. Dimension of each PVC collector was 8 × 5 cm (Fig. 1). Collectors had a section in their middle in order to fold them in two pieces of 4 × 5 cm and to staple on the leaves.
Collectors were positioned according to a profile perpendicular to the row, following a grid 20 cm high and 10 cm wide with one collector per pixel (Fig. 2). The number of collectors depended on the height and the width of the tree (Tables 1 and 2).

Sprayer settings on the field
The two sprayers used are illustrated by Figs. 3 and 4. A concentration of 10 g L −1 of tracer (Tartrazine, C 16 H 9 N 4 Na 3 O 9 S 2 ) was used in the tank. For both sprayers, forward speed was 5 km h −1 and tractor's PTO on was set on 540 rpm. Calibration and nozzles caliber was chosen for both sprayers to spray around 150 L ha −1 of mixture for full growth stage i.e. when all outlets were opened. The numbers of active outlets was chosen in order to fit with the crop height and avoid losses above the canopy top. Before and after the spraying, the flowrate was measured by a flow measurement. Forward speed was measured during the spraying by measuring the time to cross the 15 m section where the 4 sampled trees were. The pressure of the liquid was 2.5 bars for the arch sprayer whereas the pressure was 5 bars for the air assisted sprayer. The reference of the hollow cone nozzles used during the trials was TXA800067VK, Teejet ® .

Laboratory analysis
Each collector was rinsed with a controlled distilled water volume. Then, Tartrazine concentration was measured using a spectrophotometer (λ ¼ 427 nm). Considering the volume rate of mixture sprayed by hectare, the concentration of the tracer in the mixture, the area of the collector and the forward speed, the normalized spray deposition (NorDeposit) was calculated (unit: ng dm −2 for 1 g ha −1 ) by the following formula: C: Concentration of dye in the tank (g l −1 ) Q: Quantity of dye per unit area of collector (ng dm −2 ) expressed by: S: Area of the collector (in dm 2 ) V d : Dilution Volume (l) c: Concentration of dye measured by spectrophotometry on a collector using the dilution volume (g l −1 ) VolRate: Volume Rate of the sprayer (expressed in l ha −1 ) calculated by the following formula:

With:
F: Forward speed of the sprayer (km h −1 )

Measurement of crop parameters
Two crop indicators were calculated: LWA and TRV [1][2][3][4][5]. Leaf Wall Area (m² ha −1 ) was calculated with the following formula: With h: height of the canopy (m) and ir: inter-row distance (m). The h considered was the height that was taken into account for choosing the settings of the sprayer. On trimmed rows, h corresponded to the distance between the cord and the top of the vine ( ¼ the height of the topping).
Tree Row Volume (m 3 ha −1 ) was calculated by the following formula: With t: average of thickness measures taken at each height (m). For each height, the thickness was measured without considering the branches that exceeded the plane of trellising.
The crop parameters h and t were measured on 4 trees of each plot that have been sampled for deposit measurement.

Analysis
Deposits matrix with a color scale were built to analyze variability of plant protection product deposits within the canopy during the growing season for two contrasted sprayers (Fig. 5).