Dataset on usnic acid from Cladonia substellata Vainio (Lichen) schistosomiasis mansoni's vector control and environmental toxicity

This text presents complementary data corresponding to schistosomiasis mansoni's vector control and enviromental toxicity using usnic acid. These informations support our research article “Toxicity of Usnic Acid from Cladonia substellata (Lichen) to embryos and adults of Biomphalaria glabrata” by Araújo et al. [1], and focuses on the analysis of the detailed data regarding the different concentrations of Usnic Acid and their efficiency to B. glabrata mortality and non-viability, as also to environmental toxicity, evaluated by A. salina mortality.


a b s t r a c t
This text presents complementary data corresponding to schistosomiasis mansoni's vector control and enviromental toxicity using usnic acid. These informations support our research article "Toxicity of Usnic Acid from Cladonia substellata (Lichen) to embryos and adults of Biomphalaria glabrata" by Araújo et al. [1], and focuses on the analysis of the detailed data regarding the different concentrations of Usnic Acid and their efficiency to B. glabrata mortality and non-viability, as also to environmental toxicity, evaluated

Experimental features
Adult and embryonic B. glabrata unviability and mortality tests and A. salina mortality assay over Usnic Acid treatments were evaluated.

Data source location
Recife, Brazil.

Value of the data
The data provide supporting evidence from Araújo et al. [1] regarding the different effectiveness of usnic acid over embryonic stages non-viablity and adult mollusks mortality of B. glabrata.
Data shows the sensitivity profile of the B. glabrata embryos to the usnic acid along the different concentrations used.
Data from different times allow us to infer a possible time range to obtain effective results in the population control of B. glabrata adult mollusks.
Usnic acid was less toxic to A. salina than Niclosamide at concentrations of effective molluscicidal activity.
1. Data Table 1 shows B. glabrata embryos non-viability after different treatments with Usnic acid. Fig. 1 shows adult B. glabrata mortality after 24 hours and 7 days Usnic Acid treatment in comparison with niclosamide. Fig. 2 demonstrates environmental toxicity caused by the usnic acid in comparison with the commercial drug, niclosamide, at concentrations of effective molluscicidal activity.

B. glabrata embriotoxicity assay
The embryotoxicity assay was performed according to the methodology described by Rapado et al. [2]. Briefly, colorless polyethylene pieces (10×10 cm) were placed on the water surface of the aquarium to collect egg masses. Those one deposited were separated with the help of a stereoscopic microscope (Wild M3B, Heerbrugg, Switzerland) and analyzed according to Kawano et al. [3] regarding to their viability.
All groups were exposed for 24 h, then embryos were washed and placed in clean plates with filtered and dechlorinated water and observed using microscope during 7 consecutive days in order to check their positive (hatch) or negative (death or malformation) viability, as described in Table 1. Two independent experiments were performed in triplicate.
After exposure, the living mollusks were transferred to vessels containing 1000 mL of filtered and dechlorinated water, fed and monitored daily for 7 days, as described in Fig. 1. Cephalopodal mass retraction into the shell, loss of hemolymph, discoloration of shell and absence of beats in the pericardial cavity were used as mortality criteria. Two independent experiments were performed in triplicate.

Environmental toxicity test using A. salina
A. salina encysted eggs were placed in a beaker with 500 ml seawater (pH 8.0) and constant aeration at room temperature (2573°C) for 48 h. After hatching, the larvae were collected and splitted in experimental groups (n¼ 10) with the help of a stereomicroscope (Wild M3B, Heerbrugg, Switzerland) as follows: Negative Controls (C1: sea water only; and C2: 5% DMSO in sea water) and Usnic Acid (at 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, and 4 µg mL -1 ) for 24 h at 2573°C according to the procedure described by Meyer et al. [5] (Fig. 2). Two experiments were performed in quadruplicate and assessments of mortality and survival of larvae were carried out by observation of mobility with the help of a stereomicroscope.