Data on assessment of groundwater quality for drinking and irrigation in rural area Sarpol-e Zahab city, Kermanshah province, Iran

In present study 30 groundwater samples were collected from Sarpol-e Zahab area, Kermanshah province of Iran in order to assess the quality of groundwater in subjected area and determining its suitability for drinking and agricultural purposes. Also the variations in the quality levels of groundwater were compared over the years of 2015 and 2016. Statistical analyses including Spearman correlation coefficients and factor analysis display good correlation between physicochemical parameters (EC, TDS and TH) and Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl− and SO42− ionic constituents. Also in order to assess water quality for irrigation we used the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) classification which is based on SAR for irrigation suitability assessment. In addition, the residual sodium carbonate (RSC), %Na, PI, KR, SSP, MH, EC characteristics were calculated for all samples and used for assessment of irrigation suitability. Based on these indicators, for every two years, the quality of water for agriculture is in good and excellent category. The Piper classification for hydro geochemical facies indicates that the water in the study area is of Ca-HCO3− type. However, the study of water hardness shows that more than 80% of samples are in hard and very hard water class. Therefore, there is a need for decisions to refine and soften the water.

However, the study of water hardness shows that more than 80% of samples are in hard and very hard water class. Therefore, there is a need for decisions to refine and soften the water.
& Experiments have been done in two total categories of system tests and titrimetric tests including temporary and permanent hardness, calcium, magnesium and chloride. Also system tests including pH and electrical conductivity (EC) measured by pH meter device (pHwtw model) and Esi meter (wbw), respectively. The analysis of anions and cations of sulfate was also done by spectrophotometer Hatch (DR 5000 model) in water and wastewater laboratory of Kermanshah. Total hardness was determined by EDTA titrimetric method and TDS was measured gravimetrically. Data format Raw, Analyzed Experimental factors All water samples in polyethylene bottles were stored in a dark place at room temperature until the metals analysis Experimental features The mentioned parameters above, in abstract section, were analyzed according to the standards for water and wastewater treatment handbook.

Data source location
Sarpol-e Zahab, Kermanshah province, Iran Data accessibility Data are included in this article and supplement file excel

Value of the data
Determination of the physical and chemical parameter including EC, pH, TDS, TH, Ca, Mg, CO 3 , HCO 3 , Na, K, Cl and SO 4 in ground water was investigated in rural area, Sarpol-e Zahab city, Iran.
Due to limited studies in the study area, the data of this study can help to better understand the quality of groundwater in the area and provide further studies.
The result of data analysis shows that water in this area is suitable for agricultural according to calculated indices.

Data
The data presented here deal with monitoring of physical and chemical characteristics of groundwater including pH, EC, TDS, HCO 3 , CO 3 , SO 4 , Cl, Ca, Mg, and Na as well as in Sarpol-e Zahab city, Kermanshah, Iran. The study area and the sampling points are shown in Fig. 1. Also a summary of water quality characteristics are presented in Tables 1 and 2. Results of quality assessment of groundwater samples from rural area in city for drinking purpose (BIS standard) are presented in Table 3 and 4 [1]. Also classification of groundwater samples for irrigation use on the basis of EC, SAR, RSC, KR, SSP, PI, MH, Na%, T.H are presented in Table 5. Finally, the Piper diagram indicates that the Hydrochemical type of water is of Ca-HCO 3 type (Fig. 2) (Tables 6 and 7).

Description of study area
Sarpol-e Zahab city in Kermanshah province are located in west of Iran between the latitudes 34.4514°N and longitudes 45.8612°E, encompassing an area of about 935.2 km 2 . Also the SarPol-e Zahab city has a cold and dry climate and the average altitude of the city is 550 m above sea level. It is worth noting that the average rainfall is 111 mm, with the minimum and maximum temperature of 1/ 1°C and 11.3°C, respectively.

Materials and methods
In order to assess the physico-chemical parameters, a total of 30 groundwater samples were collected from Sarpol-e Zahab city between years the of 2015 and 2016 (Fig. 1). Sampling was     Table 4 Quality of ground water sample samples from rural area in Sarpol-e Zahab city for drinking purpose (BIS standard) [2].  conducted with one-liter polyethylene bottles which were immersed in nitric acid for 24 h then washed with 10% HCL and finally washed with distilled water. Before the samples were taken, sampling containers had been rinsed at least three times with water. Experiments have been done in two total categories of system tests and titrimetric tests including temporary and permanent hardness, calcium, magnesium and chloride. Also system tests including PH and electrical conductivity (EC) measured by PH meter device (pHwtw model) and Esi meter (wbw), respectively. The analysis of anions and cations of sulfate was also done by spectrophotometer Hatch (DR 5000 model) in water and wastewater laboratory of Kermanshah. Total hardness was determined by EDTA titrimetric method and TDS was measured gravimetrically [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10].  Table 6 Summary of water quality indices in present study.

Indices Formula
Residual sodium carbonate (RSC) Finally, in order to understand chemical character of the groundwater and relationships between the dissolved ionic constituents, the hydrochemical data has been plotted on Piper diagram (Piper 1944) using AqQA software (Fig. 2).