Adsorption of diclofenac onto different biochar microparticles: Dataset – Characterization and dosage of biochar

Due to its wide occurrence in water resources and toxicity, pharmaceuticals and personal care products are becoming an emerging concern throughout the world. Application of residual/waste materials for water remediation can be a good strategy in waste management as well as in waste valorization. Herein, this dataset provides information on biochar application for the removal of emerging contaminant, diclofenac from water matrices. The data presented here is an extension of the research article explaining the mechanisms of adsorption diclofenac on biochars (Lonappan et al., 2017 [1]). This data article provides general information on the surface features of pine wood and pig manure biochar with the help of SEM and FTIR data. This dataset also provides information on XRD profiles of pine wood and pig manure biochars. In addition, different amounts of biochars were used to study the removal of a fixed concentration of diclofenac and the data is provided with this data set.


a b s t r a c t
Due to its wide occurrence in water resources and toxicity, pharmaceuticals and personal care products are becoming an emerging concern throughout the world. Application of residual/waste materials for water remediation can be a good strategy in waste management as well as in waste valorization. Herein, this dataset provides information on biochar application for the removal of emerging contaminant, diclofenac from water matrices. The data presented here is an extension of the research article explaining the mechanisms of adsorption diclofenac on biochars (Lonappan et al., 2017 [1]). This data article provides general information on the surface features of pine wood and pig manure biochar with the help of SEM and FTIR data. This dataset also provides information on XRD profiles of pine wood and pig manure biochars. In addition, different amounts of biochars were used to study the removal of a fixed concentration of diclofenac and the data is provided with this data set.
& The associated research article related to this data set is [1] Value of the data Characterization data for biochar derived from two different feedstock (pine wood and pig manure) are given.
Dataset provides an insight to the surface features of biochar. Dataset gives information on the adsorption capacity of biochar for emerging contaminant diclofenac.
Dataset would be useful to identify the dosage effect of biochar on the adsorption of diclofenac.

Data
The dataset comprises characterization as well as experimental data. Fig. 1 presents the scanning electron micrographs (SEM) of pine wood and pig manure biochar microparticles. Fig. 2. presents Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) images of biochar microparticles. Fig. 3 presents X-ray Diffraction (XRD) images of biochar microparticles. Table 1shows the effect of adsorbent dosage on the removal of diclofenac and removal efficiency.

Biochar microparticle preparation
Two types of biochars were prepared from pinewood and pig manure and named as BC-PW and BC-PM, respectively. Preparation of biochar and microparticles are explained elsewhere [1,2].

Characterization of biochar microparticles
Scanning electron micrographs of the biochar microparticles are recorded using Zeiss Evo®50 Smart SEM system. FTIR spectra of the adsorbents were recorded using Perkin Elmer, Spectrum RXI, FT-IR instrument fitted with lithium tantalate (LiTaO 3 ) detector. XRD spectra of the adsorbents were recorded using Panalytical Empyrean XRD fitted with monochromatized CuK alfa radiation (1.5418A).
It was observed that for both BC-PW and BC-PM, increasing the adsorbent dosage considerably enhanced the removal efficiency. BC-PM possessed better adsorbent properties than BC-PW and showed higher potential for the removal of DCF compared to BC-PW. With a dosage of 2 g L −1 , BC-PM achieved a removal efficiency of 95.87% and above 2 g L −1 dosage level, BC-PM always achieved nearly 100% removal efficiency. For BC-PW, removal efficiency increased from 43% to 98.8% with a dosage varying from 2 to 20 g L −1 . However, the adsorption amount (µg g −1 ) on biochar decreased with increase in adsorbent dosage. This observation can be explained as a consequence of partial aggregation of biochar at higher concentrations of biochar which will decrease the active sites on the surface of biochar [4,5]. Adsorbent dosage experiment was carried out at equilibrium time and samples were drawn. In the case of BC-PW, the complete removal might have been obtained during any time of the adsorption. Therefore, adsorption amount cannot be considered as the equilibrium adsorption capacity of the biochar BC-PM. As shown in Fig. 1, porous structure of biochars probably  had a positive effect on the adsorption of DCF [6]. Moreover, as shown in Fig. 2, both biochars are rich in surface functional groups which in turn can facilitate the adsorption.