Data set on stability comparison of emulsions stabilized by cationic fluorosurfactant against conventional surfactants and high thermal performance of fluoropolymer foams

This data article includes emulsion stability comparison of cationic fluorosurfactant (CFS) against conventional surfactants. Span 80, Hypermer, Tween 80 and CTAB were used as conventional emulsifiers and only after 30 minutes bilayer phase separation observed in emulsions prepared by Tween 80 while CTAB failed to give fluoroemulsion, as compared to the CFS stabilized fluoro-HIPE which demonstrated superb stabilization of more than 72 h without phase separation. Thermal stability of Poly(hexafluorobutyl acrylate)-Divinyl benzene (PHFBA-DVB) was compared with porous polymer prepared by the same concentration of CFS 9 wt% by using trifluoroethyl methacrylate (TFEMA) as monomer phase. Results of PFP prepared with HFBA showed remarkable stability performance at more than 340.69 °C while porous polymer synthesized by TFEMA started to decompose even at 237.36 °C. The main findings based on the data presented here are reported in the paper “A cationicfluorosurfactant for fabrication of high-performance fluoropolymer foams with controllable morphology” (Azhar et al., 2017) [1].


a b s t r a c t
This data article includes emulsion stability comparison of cationic fluorosurfactant (CFS) against conventional surfactants. Span 80, Hypermer, Tween 80 and CTAB were used as conventional emulsifiers and only after 30 minutes bilayer phase separation observed in emulsions prepared by Tween 80 while CTAB failed to give fluoroemulsion, as compared to the CFS stabilized fluoro-HIPE which demonstrated superb stabilization of more than 72 h without phase separation. Thermal stability of Poly(hexafluorobutyl acrylate)-Divinyl benzene (PHFBA-DVB) was compared with porous polymer prepared by the same concentration of CFS 9 wt% by using trifluoroethyl methacrylate (TFEMA) as monomer phase. Results of PFP prepared with HFBA showed remarkable stability performance at more than 340.69°C while porous polymer synthesized by TFEMA started to decompose even at 237.36°C. The main findings based on the data presented here are reported in the paper "A cationicfluorosurfactant for fabrication of high-performance fluoropolymer foams with controllable morphology" ( For thermogrevimetric analysis, the polymer was grinded to form a powder before analysis.

Experimental features
TGA was performed at heating rate of 10°C/min and a scanning range of 30 to 550°C in nitrogen atmosphere, Contact angles images were taken after 2 minutes of droplets contact with polymer Data source location

Jinan, China
Data accessibility Data is with this article

Value of the data
The data shows the importance of cationic fluorosurfactant in emulsion stability. This data may help to replace conventional surfactants which are unable to emulsify most of the fluoro-emulsion systems.
It has been demonstrated in this data that the fluoropolymer shows high thermal stability up to 340°C.
This data set will be beneficial for the researchers who want to work on high performance porous fluoropolymer foams.

Data
There is an increasing interest in fluorine containing oils and fluorinated surfactants/block copolymers in the field of emulsion polymerization due to their magnificent advantages over hydrocarbons just like compatibility with numerous solvents, environmental stability, optical transparency, hydrophobicity and excellent chemical/oxidative stability [2,3]. Fig. 1 describes the stability of fluoroemulsions prepared by different surfactants with same 9 wt% concentration in each vial. High performance of fluoropolymer foams and importance of fluorine contents in fluoropolymer are described in Fig. 2. The effect of cationic fluorosurfactant concentration on thermal stability and hydrophobicity of fluoropolymer foam is depicted in Figs. 3 and 4 respectively.

Emulsion stability
After preparation of high internal phase emulsions, these were taken in glass vials for digital photographs. As shown in Fig. 1, the emulsion prepared by cationic fluorosurfactant(CFS), Span 80 and Hypermer demonstrated good stability, while conventional cationic surfactant (CTAB) were unable emulsify the fluoro-emulsion. In Figs. 1a and b it can be seen that emulsions are viscous and stable even after 72 h, but these emulsions did not give regular interconnected polyHIPE morphology [1].

Thermal performance of fluoropolymer
Fluoropolymers were prepared by polymerization and drying of high internal phase emulsion and samples were grinded to make in powder form. Then, thermogrevimetric analysis were performed by using Pyris Diamond TG/DTA (Perkin-Elmer Co., USA) with heating rate of 10°C/min and a scanning   range of 30 to 550°C in nitrogen atmosphere. Fig. 2 depicts the comparison between thermal stabilities of two fluoromonomers. PolyHIPE composed with HFBA(6 fluorine atoms) as monomer, showed high thermal stability than that of the polymer prepared with TFEMA (3 fluorine atoms) as monomer. Effect of CFS % on thermal stability of fluoropolymer is illustrated in Fig. 3. Thermal performances were then compared with the recent literature report [4], in which thermal stability of the emulsions prepared from hydrocarbons was discussed.

Hydrophobicity of fluoropolymer
Hydrophobicity of the solid materials is commonly specified by the contact angle measurement. If the contact angle θr90°the surface is said to be hydrophilic and if θZ90°then the surface will be hydrophobic [5]. Here in, a contact angle instrument OCA drop shape analyzer (Data physics Co., Germany) was used to measure the hydrophobicity of porous fluoropolymer at room temperature. Images were captured after 2 minutes of the droplet stay on surface. Poly(HFBA-DVB) showed superb hydrophobicity with water contact angles ranged in 140°at almost all concentrations of CFS.