Preparation and catalytic activity of bone-char ash decorated with MgO - FeNO3 for ozonation of reactive black 5 dye from aqueous solution: Taguchi optimization data

Reactive dye is one of the most applicable dyes in textile industries which its release to the water bodies creates a concern for environmentalists. Here, in this data article a bone-char (BC) ash decorated with MgO-FeNO3 for removing reactive black 5 (RB5) dye in a catalytic ozonation process (COP) system. Operational parameters data such as initial RB5 concentration, pH, catalyst dosage, and reaction time were optimized using Taguchi method. The optimal conditions for initial RB5 concentration, pH, catalyst dosage, and reaction time were determined 10 mg/L, 10, 0.1 g/L, and 15 min, respectively. Data of Taguchi optimization tests indicated that the initial RB5 concentration had a significant influence on RB5 removal efficiency (54.03%) during the catalytic ozonation process, and reaction time had lower contribution (2.04%).


Subject area
Environmental engineering More specific subject area

Environmental technology
Type of data

Value of the data
This data article presents a facile statistical method to optimize RB5 removal from aqueous solution using catalytic ozonation process with modified BC ash-MgO-FeNO 3 as an eco-friendly process.
The data article focused on the synthesis of new cost-benefit catalyst, and its application for removing organic dyes from aqueous solution.
This dataset can be also used for reducing of other reactive dyes from textile wastewaters which are challenging pollutants for the water bodies.

Data
This brief article describes the use of new synthesized catalytic for removing a dye from synthetic wastewater and optimizing the process using Taguchi method. Table 1 presents the studied parameters and their ranges. In Table 2, we presented the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio of each experiment from different arrangement (S/N ratio is a factor that is used for evaluating the experimental data). Table 3 illustrates the mean of the S/N ratio (M S/N ) of each factor at a certain level. Fig. 1 shows the effect of each studied parameters on the S/N ratio. Fractional sum of squares and percentage contribution of each factors on the catalytic ozonation process efficiency in RB5 removal are illustrated in Table 4. Kinetic data are demonstrated in Table 5. Eventually, the process efficiency in removal of COD and RB5 was studied and the findings are depicted in Fig. 2.

Synthesis of catalytic
The cow bone was put in an electric furnace at 800°C during 2 h to produce BC ash. Then, BC ash was powdered using an electric mill and sieved with American Standard Test Sieve Series (ASTM) in the range 8-16 mesh. The obtained BC ash was modified using MgCl 2. In order to modify the ash, 5 g of its powder was mixed with 1 M of MgCl 2 and 1 N of potassium at 120 rpm, and then, it was dried at 60°C for about 24 h. The dried product was cooled by a desiccator, and then heated in the electric furnace at 500°C for 2 h. The produced BC was treated with 0.1 M of Fe(NO 3 ) 6

Designation and optimization of COP experiments
Minitab 16 Statistical software was used for designing of 4 key parameters: initial RB5 concentration, pH, catalyst dose, and reaction time. These parameters were taken into account in the design of experiments based on the Taguchi method. Each parameter was configured at 4 levels (see Table 1). All experiments were run in duplicate.
The signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio was applied to evaluate the experimental data. Among three obtained values of S/N ratio, the highest value was selected as optimum condition. In this regards, all related equations are described and presented in our previous study [3].  To conclude the optimum conditions for the RB5 removal experiments, relationship between each parameter and the percentage (%) contribution on the dye removal, the analysis of mean (ANOM) and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used.
Primarily, the mean of the S/N ratio (M S/N ) of each factor at a certain level determined [3]. Next, the higher M S/N as better characteristics was selected as optimum conditions of each parameter. The influence percentage of each factor on RB5 removal efficiency during the catalytic ozonation process was found from substituting the factorial sum of squares (SS F ), the total sum of square SS T and the variance of error (V E ) (according to our previous study [3]).
To demonstrate the effect of BC-MgO-FeNO 3 on dye degradation, the kinetic of day degradation was studied. The k dye oÀoverall parameter as the pseudo-first-order rate constants (min À 1 ) was determined using the following Equation: ln  Table 5 Kinetics of dye degradation at optimum conditions in catalytic ozonation process (COP) and single ozonation process (SOP).

Main Effects Plot for SN ratios Data Means
Signal-to-noise: Larger is better The acquired data from both COP and sole ozonation process (SOP) well fitted the pseudo-firstorder kinetic. k sop was also calculated by the equation described elsewhere [1].

Analytical methods
The concentrations of RB5 in reaction samples were measured using a UV-visible spectrophotometer (DR5000) at 597 nm wavelength [4]. In order to determine pH zpc (pH of zero point of charge) 0.01 M of sodium chloride solution as the electrolyte prepared and HCl or NaOH (0.1 N) were used to adjust pH of the solutions. To investigate the COP efficiency in RB5 mineralization, COD removal was also measured according to Standard Method of potassium dichromate oxidation) [5][6][7].