Data from mass spectrometry, NMR spectra, GC–MS of fatty acid esters produced by Lasiodiplodia theobromae

The data described herein is related to the article with the title “Fatty acid esters produced by Lasiodiplodia theobromae function as growth regulators in tobacco seedlings” C.C. Uranga, J. Beld, A. Mrse, I. Cordova-Guerrero, M.D. Burkart, R. Hernandez-Martinez (2016) [1]. Data includes nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and GC–MS data used for the identification and characterization of fatty acid esters produced by L. theobromae. GC–MS traces are also shown for incubations in defined substrate, consisting in Vogel׳s salts supplemented with either 5% grapeseed oil or 5% glucose, the two combined, or 5% fructose. Traces for incubations in the combination of 5% grapeseed oil and 5% glucose for different fungal species are also included. Images of mycelium morphology when grown in 5% glucose with or without 5% grapeseed oil are shown due to the stark difference in mycelial pigmentation in the presence of triglycerides. High concentration gradient data for the plant model Nicotiana tabacum germinated in ethyl stearate (SAEE) and ethyl linoleate (LAEE) is included to show the transition between growth inhibition and growth induction in N. tabacum by these compounds.

Value of the data This is the first report of fatty acid esters naturally produced by Lasiodiplodia theobromae and the other fungal species studied.
Lipases from L. theobromae and Neofusicoccum parvum have broad substrate specificity that may be of interest for further characterization and potential biotechnological uses.
Many of the fatty acid esters are novel for phytopathogenic fungi and might open exciting new research areas in fungal lipidomics and plant pathology.

Data
The data being shared consists in NMR spectra, as well as high-resolution mass spectrometry spectra and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry chromatograms used to identify fatty acid esters from the phytopathogenic fungus, L. theobromae. Other fungi such as Neofusicoccum parvum, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici and Trichoderma asperellum were also studied for comparison. Images of mycelial morphology for L. theobromae in different carbon sources are shown. Effects of fatty acid esters produced by L. theobromae in N. tabacum morphology are included. Concentration gradients for the most physiologically active compounds, ethyl stearate (SAEE) and ethyl linoleate (LAEE) are also shown.

Table 1
Mean area under the curve (AUC) data presented as percent yields of total of the compounds identified in each strain and in each carbon source.

Experimental design, materials and methods
For purification, mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) [2,3], a modified Folch extraction [4] was standardized as described in [1], (Supplementary Data Set A and Fig. 1A, B). Carbon source effects were then studied in L. theobromae using the standardized Folch extraction. Fatty acid ester production was studied in the other fungal species N. parvum, F. oxysporum and T. asperellum for comparison. All samples, including the positive controls, were analyzed for naturally produced fatty  acid ethyl esters by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) as described in [1] (Figs. [2][3][4][5]. The data was expressed as percent yield of each compound from the total compounds identified ( Table 1). Morphology of L. theobromae incubated in 5% glucose was documented by photography and compared to the morphology in 5% glucose þ 5% grapeseed oil (Fig. 6). With the aim to test the effect of the isolated compounds in planta, we chose tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), a well-studied plant model [5] to measure growth as described in [1]. The length of the seedling was measured after 7-10 days post-sowing using calibrated Image J software [6] from cotyledon tip to root tip for each experimental condition. Morphology was also assessed and documented 45 days post-dosing and sowing (Figs. 7-8). A high concentration gradient for the most physiologically active fatty acid esters found and described in [1] was performed by germinating the plant model N. tabacum in SAEE from 100 to 3.1 μg/mL and LAEE from 200 to 3.1 μg/mL (Fig. 9).

Acknowledgments
Thanks to CONACyT and UCMEXUS for doctoral support with this project. Special thanks to Dr. Yongxuan Su from the small molecule mass spectrometry department at UCSD. Thanks to M.Sc.  Eduardo Morales Guerrero and Dr. Manuel Segovia-Quintero from CICESE. Special thanks to Dr. Katrin Quester from the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México in Ensenada for instrumentation support. Thanks to Dr. James Nowick from the University of California, Irvine for his support with NMR analysis in this work.