Cell Metabolism
Volume 20, Issue 1, 1 July 2014, Pages 183-190
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Short Article
Resveratrol Prevents High Fat/Sucrose Diet-Induced Central Arterial Wall Inflammation and Stiffening in Nonhuman Primates

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2014.04.018Get rights and content
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Highlights

  • Resveratrol supplementation prevented diet-induced increase in arterial stiffness

  • Resveratrol reduced macrophage infiltration, lipid deposition, and calcification

  • Gene expression changes indicate antioxidative and antiinflammatory effects

  • Primary culture of vascular smooth muscle cells support a role of resveratrol

Summary

Central arterial wall stiffening, driven by a chronic inflammatory milieu, accompanies arterial diseases, the leading cause of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality in Western society. An increase in central arterial wall stiffening, measured as an increase in aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV), is a major risk factor for clinical CV disease events. However, no specific therapies to reduce PWV are presently available. In rhesus monkeys, a 2 year diet high in fat and sucrose (HFS) increases not only body weight and cholesterol, but also induces prominent central arterial wall stiffening and increases PWV and inflammation. The observed loss of endothelial cell integrity, lipid and macrophage infiltration, and calcification of the arterial wall were driven by genomic and proteomic signatures of oxidative stress and inflammation. Resveratrol prevented the HFS-induced arterial wall inflammation and the accompanying increase in PWV. Dietary resveratrol may hold promise as a therapy to ameliorate increases in PWV.

Cited by (0)

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Co-first author

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Co-senior author

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Present address: Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Medical Science 1, Room 4214, 1301 Catherine Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA

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Present address: VIB Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium