Original ResearchConsensus: Motor cortex plasticity protocols
Section snippets
Protocols
Some early studies tested motor-evoked potential (MEP) amplitude during a short rTMS train of 20 pulses or less applied to the hand area of the primary motor cortex (M1).1, 2 MEP amplitude does not change during a short low-frequency (1 Hz) rTMS train1, 2 but increases throughout a short high-frequency rTMS (≥2 Hz) train.1, 2, 3 At a stimulation frequency of 5 Hz, this MEP increase depends on stimulus intensity: MEP facilitation is observed at an intensity higher than 110% of resting motor
Protocols
PAS was first described by Classen et al.135 The (right) median nerve is activated by bipolar electrical stimulation at the wrist (cathode proximal, constant current square wave pulses, duration 200 μs, intensity 3× sensory perception threshold). Single-pulse TMS is applied to the hand representation (hot spot of the right abductor pollicis brevis muscle) of the contralateral (left) primary motor cortex through a focal figure-of-eight stimulating coil (monophasic waveform, induced current
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