Alcohol sniff test (AST): Tool for screening suspected cases of COVID-19

In 172 evaluated, sensorineural loss found in the ears diagnosed with non- cholesteatomatous chronic otitis media in 27.9% compared to the contralateral at middle frequencies, of increases directly pro- to the increase in frequencies, reaching 58.7% at 1440 4000Hz. There was an association with disease duration, 1441 perforation size and otorrhea ( p <0.001). Conclusion : Sensorineural hearing loss is associated with 1443 non-cholesteatomatous chronic otitis media and, the lon- 1444 ger the duration of the disease, the worse the progression 1445 which starts in the middle frequencies and becomes even 1446 more prevalent in the higher frequencies. Reason for the 1447 importance of early surgical treatment. 35 (33.98%) had ﬂu-like symptoms and positive RT-PCR, 38 (36.89%) had ﬂu-like symptoms and negative RT-PCR and 30 (29.12%) were asymptomatic. The overall mean distance of the AST test was 10 ± 8.2cm. There was a statistically signiﬁ-1477 cant difference between the mean distance of the COVID+ groups (4.35 ± 4.1cm) and the control group (20 ± 4.3cm) ( p <0.05). This relationship was also maintained between the groups COVID+ (4.35cm) and COVID − (9 ± 7.5cm) ( p <0.05). For a cut-off of 10cm, the AST presented sensi-1482 tivity of 88% and speciﬁcity of 41%, leading to an odds-ratio of 9.7 (95% CI 3.3---28.1) ( p <0.001). Conclusion : The alcohol sniff test presented high sensi-1485 tivity and odds ratio for COVID-19 screening in patients with mild inﬂuenza syndrome in the context of pandemic.

Introduction: Chronic otitis media affects millions of people worldwide. According to the classification by Bluestone and Kenna, non-cholesteatomatous chronic otitis media is considered the most common part of chronic otitis media, which has tympanic membrane perforation with episodes of intermittent otorrhea and hearing loss of different degrees. The association with conductive hearing loss is well known, however, the relationship with sensorineural hearing loss is still controversial in the literature; some studies show the relationship of this pathology with damage to the inner ear that brings a serious problem in terms of personal quality of life and social impairment.
Objective: To evaluate the association of sensorineural loss in patients with unilateral non-cholesteatomatous chronic otitis media in a tertiary hospital.
Methods: Quantitative cross-sectional study, retrospective analysis of data recorded in electronic medical records of patients undergoing unilateral tympanoplasty surgery between 1984 and 2019 at Hospital Governador Celso Ramos, Florianopolis.
Results: In 172 patients evaluated, sensorineural hearing loss was found in the ears diagnosed with noncholesteatomatous chronic otitis media in 27.9% compared to the contralateral ear. Observed at middle frequencies, 2000 Hz prevalence of 29.1%, that increases directly proportional to the increase in frequencies, reaching 58.7% at 4000 Hz. There was an association with disease duration, perforation size and otorrhea (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Sensorineural hearing loss is associated with non-cholesteatomatous chronic otitis media and, the longer the duration of the disease, the worse the progression which starts in the middle frequencies and becomes even more prevalent in the higher frequencies. Reason for the importance of early surgical treatment.

Methods:
A cross-sectional observational study was conducted between September and December 2020 in the employees of a tertiary hospital who presented mild influenza syndrome. A total of 103 individuals participated in the study, divided into three groups: flu-like syndrome and RT-PCR test positive for COVID-19; flu syndrome and negative RT-PCR test for COVID-19 and an asymptomatic control group. All patients were submitted to olfactory evaluation through the alcohol sniff test.
Conclusion: The alcohol sniff test presented high sensitivity and odds ratio for COVID-19 screening in patients with mild influenza syndrome in the context of pandemic.
Keywords: Olfaction; COVID; Otorhinolaryngology. Objective: To identify the association between the presence or absence of nasal polyposis and the type 2 inflammation profile.
Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study of patients aged 18 years with a diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis followed up at the Otorhinolaryngology service of a university hospital was conducted. The patients were divided into two groups based on nasal endoscopy: group 1 (with polyposis) and group 2 (without polyposis). The characterization of the type 2 immune response was defined in relation to eosinophil count in peripheral blood >250 cells/L, total IgE >100 IU/mL, sensitization to aeroallergens and staphylococcal enterotoxins or presence of asthma.
Results: 160 patients with chronic rinossinusitis were included, 137 with polyposis and 23 without polyposis. 56% were female and the mean age was 60 years. The prevalence of asthma was 89.4%, higher in patients without polyposis (70.59%) than in those with polyposis (57.14%) (p = 0.3). Sensitivity to some aeroallergen was 66.9%, higher in patients without polyposis (66.67%) than