Original researchResilience Following Traumatic Brain Injury: A Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems Study
Section snippets
Participants
Participants were a subset of enrollees in the TBIMS National Database, a longitudinal, multicenter study of TBI funded by the National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research.29 Inclusion criteria required an age >18 years, care in a TBIMS-affiliated trauma center within 72 hours of injury, receipt of inpatient TBIMS rehabilitation, and English speaking.
Eligible participants were recruited from 5 TBIMS centers. This study is cross-sectional and part of a larger
Results
Participants had a mean ± SD CD-RISC score of 76.8±17.3. Overall, the sample's score was significantly (P=.004) lower than the scores derived from the general population (mean ± SD, 80.4±12.8; n=577).21 The most highly endorsed resilience items for the present sample were related to pride in accomplishments, supportive relationships, and persistence. Items with the lowest endorsement were related to feeling in control, maintaining focus, and feeling strengthened by stress.
Overall, the sample
Discussion
This multicenter study documented the extent of resilience at 3 months postinjury in adults living in the community after moderate-severe TBI. These individuals, who had been acutely hospitalized and then received inpatient rehabilitation, had lower levels of resilience than persons in the general population.21 The present findings are consistent with those in the current literature showing lower levels of resilience after pediatric and adult TBI.24, 26 A number of variables demonstrated a
Conclusions
Early postinjury resilience levels for individuals with moderate to severe TBI were lower than those in the general population. Postacute emotional distress and disability, less education, and higher levels of preinjury substance abuse are clearly related to lower resilience. Individuals with these characteristics may be a priority for clinical intervention. Future studies should be aimed at longitudinal assessment of the relationship between resilience and these important variables of
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Cited by (0)
Supported by the National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research (NIDILRR; grant nos. 90DP0030, 90DP0033, 90DP0034, H133A120096, H133A120099). NIDILRR is a Center within the Administration for Community Living (ACL), Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). The contents of this manuscript do not necessarily represent the policy of NIDILRR, ACL, HHS, and you should not assume endorsement by the Federal Government.
Disclosures: none.