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Glycosyltransferases, sugar nucleotide transporters and bacterial surface lectins — at the cutting edge of glycobiology

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    2003, Phytochemistry
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    The β-linked partial structures present in individual chitin chains can be of a dual origin, namely, stretches generated de novo and residues attached by transglycosylating chitinase at the non-reducing, that is the acceptor end of a growing chain. Entrapment of Chs into its product (Ruiz-Herrera et al., 1977; Kang et al., 1984) reduces its activity, as undoubtedly the displacement of the enzyme from the source of its substrate at the cell surface to the adjacent area of the developing wall must (for potential mechanisms of externalisation of UDPGlcNAc, see Abeijon et al., 1996; Rini and Sharon, 2000; further references in Merz et al., 1999a). It is this situation, where the mural non-zymogenic chitinolytic system [Fig. 4(b)] has its main function, besides that of providing for a dynamic remodelling of preformed chitin, inasmuch as reduction of the length of Chs-attached chitin to that of a shorter oligomer restores some of the catalytic potential of the Chs system concerned.

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