Antiviral activities of flavonoids and organic acid from Trollius chinensis Bunge

doi:10.1016/S0378-8741(01)00410-X

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

Volume 79, Issue 3, March 2002, Pages 365-368

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(01)00410-X Get rights and content

Abstract

The flower of Trollius chinensis Bunge is used for treating upper respiratory infections, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, and bronchitis in Chinese folk medicine. The antiviral activities of the crude extract, total flavonoids, orientin, vitexin and proglobeflowery acid isolated from the flowers of T. chinensis against parainfluenza type 3 (Para 3) virus were investigated. The results showed that the crude extract and total flavonoids exhibited a weak antiviral activity against Para 3. Orientin and vitexin demonstrated potent or moderate antiviral activity against Para 3. Proglobeflowery acid showed weak antiviral activity against Para 3.

Introduction

Trollius chinensis Bunge (Ranunculaceae) is an endemic growing widely in northern China. Its flowers are often used to treat upper respiratory infections, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, and bronchitis in Chinese folk medicine (Beijing Pharmacy Factory, 1978). Previous studies indicated antibacterial activities in the crude aqueous extract of the flowers (Beijing Pharmacy Factory, 1978, Bai, 1994). These activities were ascribed to the flavonoids present in the plant of Trollius species (Su et al., 1996, Yang et al., 2000). The crude aqueous extract of the flowers was also tested for antiviral activities against adenovirus, coxsackie, and ECHO virus, but the antiviral activities were found only against coxsackie B3 (Wen et al., 1999).

Until now, only a few compounds have been reported from this herb, including orientin, vitexin, 3,4-dimethoxybenzamide, palmitic acid, veratric acid and volatile oil (Kang et al., 1984, Li, 1982, Feng, 1998). Clinical studies in the treatment of upper respiratory infections showed that the combined efficacy is 92.7% (Beijing Pharmacy Factory, 1978). Upper respiratory infection, especially in children, is a common disease worldwide. Parainfluenza type 3 (Para 3) virus has been recognized as a major cause of such infections (Couch, 1997). No chemotherapy agents and vaccine have been used to treat Para 3 infections. Therefore, the development of new antiviral agents is most desirable. In this paper, we report the extraction, isolation and identification of flavonoids and organic acid from the flowers of T. chinensis, and their antiviral activities against Para 3.

Section snippets

Plant material

The flowers of T. chinensis Bunge were collected from Hebei Province, People's Republic of China, in 1999. It has been authenticated by a voucher specimen (20012422) kept at the Museum, Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong.

Medium, cell, virus and cell culture

The medium utilized was Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) (Sigma Co.) containing Eagle's balanced salt solution supplemented with either 1 or 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 100 U of penicillin per milliliter, 25 μg of gentamicin per

Results and discussion

In our screening program, the ethanol extract of the flowers of T. chinensis showed antiviral activities against Para 3 with IC₅₀ value of 77.5 μg/ml and SI value of 2.0 (Table 1). Following bioassay-guided isolation, total flavonoids and three compounds were isolated from the ethanol extract. The antiviral activities of the total flavonoids, proglobeflowery acid, orientin, and vitexin isolated from T. chinensis against Para 3 were also shown in Table 1. Although the total flavonoids showed

Acknowledgements

Partial support was received from Industrial Support Fund (AF/281/97).

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Journal of Ethnopharmacology

Abstract

Introduction

Section snippets

Plant material

Medium, cell, virus and cell culture

Results and discussion

Acknowledgements

References (12)

Antiviral activity of some Nigerian medicinal plants extracts

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

The Chinese medicine material Trollius chinensis Bunge

Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs

The report of pharmacological activities and clinic observation about Trollius chinensis Bunge

Journal of New Medicine

Respiratory virus infections

Constituent analysis of volatile oil in Trollius chinensis Bunge

Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs

Chemical constituents of Trollius chinensis Bunge

Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs

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A novel approach for efficient extraction and enrichment of phytochemicals with CO<inf>2</inf>-based switchable-solvent from pigeon pea leaves

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