Prognostic indices for bladder cancer: An analysis of patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder primarily treated by radical megavoltage X-ray therapy
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Radiochemotherapy for Bladder Cancer
2009, Clinical OncologyCitation Excerpt :With standard fractionation (1.8–2 Gy/fraction), the total radiation dose is typically in the range of 45–50 Gy to treat the pelvic lymph nodes and between 55 and 70 Gy to the bladder. At least four retrospective analyses have suggested improved local control with doses greater than 55–60 Gy [23–26]; however, others have found no evidence to support such a relationship [27,28]. Phase III randomised trials comparing different conventionally fractionated dose schedules have never been undertaken.
Long-term outcome of radiation-based conservation therapy for invasive bladder cancer
2007, Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original InvestigationsAnaemia is Associated with Poor Overall Survival but not with Inferior Local Control in Patients with Muscle Invasive Bladder Carcinoma Treated by Radical External Beam Radiotherapy. A Retrospective Study
2006, Clinical OncologyCitation Excerpt :A number of independent studies have previously identified prognostic factors for outcome after radical radiotherapy for muscle invasive bladder cancer. These include tumour grade, stage, presence of CIS, multiple tumours, macroscopic tumour appearance, presence of ureteric obstruction, clinical response at the first check cystoscopy after radiotherapy, age and performance status [14,15,17,18,24–27]. In this retrospective study, 52% of patients were anaemic before starting radiotherapy.
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Status Predicts Local Response to Radical Radiotherapy in Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer
2006, Clinical OncologyCitation Excerpt :Similar analyses have been carried out regarding factors that can independently predict local tumour control after radiotherapy (as opposed to overall survival). Independent predictive factors determined by multiple logistic regression vary from study to study, but in general, increasing age, increasing tumour stage and grade, low haemoglobin levels and high urea levels have been consistently associated with poor local control after radical radiotherapy [3,6,7]. The benefit of predicting local control is that it has consistently been shown to be associated with subsequent improved overall survival [3,7,8].
Pre-treatment Haemoglobin Levels and the Prediction of Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer
2006, Clinical OncologyCitation Excerpt :A low pre-treatment haemoglobin level has been shown to negatively influence outcome in the management of a number of cancers, including those of the cervix [1], bladder [2] and head and neck [3,4].
Radiation therapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer: Treatment planning and delivery
2005, Clinical OncologyCitation Excerpt :Radiation organ sparing therapy is limited to patients with disease confined to the pelvis with good bladder function. Positive predictors of outcome include patients of younger age, with lower tumour stage, absence of pelvic nodal disease, normal renal function and absence of hydronephrosis, normal haemoglobin and a complete trans-urethral resection [3–6]. Tumour staging with magnetic resonance or cross-sectional computed tomography (CT) is mandatory to ensure appropriate patient selection and improve treatment outcomes.