Optimising the determination of nitrate and phosphate in sea water with ion chromatography using experimental design

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Abstract

A fractional factorial experimental design involving six factors is used to optimise the determination of low concentrations of nitrate and phosphate in sea water with ion chromatography. By allowing a substantial part of the interfering chloride to elute off the pre-column before the sample is injected onto the main separation column, chloride is diluted substantially more than the ions of interest. This means that nitrate and phosphate can be determined in sea water at low μM concentrations using a sample volume of only 20 μl. Detection limits for nitrate and phosphate are 0.5 and 1μM, respectively. Repeatability measured as standard deviation is 0.15 μM for nitrate and 0.25 μM for phosphate in the 1–10 μM range.

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