Stimulated nitric oxide release and nitric oxide sensitivity in forearm arterial vasculature during normotensive and preeclamptic pregnancy☆,☆☆,★
Section snippets
Subjects
Twelve healthy primiparous women, 7 primiparous women with preeclampsia who had not received antihypertensive therapy, and 10 healthy nonpregnant women who were not receiving hormonal contraception were studied (Table I). Subjects were nonsmokers and refrained from alcohol and caffeine for a minimum of 4 hours before each study. Women with preeclampsia had persistently elevated blood pressure readings of at least 140 mm Hg systolic, and 90 mm Hg diastolic; proteinuria (≥300 mg protein in 24
Results
Compared with nonpregnant subjects, pregnant subjects had reduced forearm vascular resistance but similar systemic blood pressure. Systemic blood pressure and forearm vascular resistance were higher in subjects with preeclampsia than in pregnant subjects. Forearm volume and length did not differ between the study groups. Forearm blood flow did not vary significantly in the noninfused arm in any of the groups during the study. Blood pressure did not vary significantly within the time course of
Comment
This is the first study to determine vasodilator responses in the human forearm during pregnancy. The results demonstrate that vascular smooth muscle sensitivity to nitric oxide is not altered in normal pregnancy or preeclampsia. Thus gestation-related increases in vascular nitric oxide activity are most likely mediated by increased endothelial nitric oxide production. An unexpected finding of our study was that dilator responses to serotonin appear blunted during both normotensive and
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Cited by (20)
NOSTRIN: A novel modulator of trophoblast giant cell differentiation
2018, Stem Cell ResearchCitation Excerpt :Data from our lab (Chakraborty and Ain, 2017) demonstrated that NOSTRIN over-expression in endothelial cells can lead to a reduction in NO levels and also affected eNOS activation by phosphorylation. Endothelium derived relaxing factor, NO is considered as a primary mediator for lowering of vascular resistance during hemodynamic changes associated with pregnancy (Anumba et al., 1999). In agreement with the demonstrated function of NOSTRIN, it was found to be significantly up-regulated in placentas and umbilical vessels of women with pre-eclampsia (PE) and pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) with a reduction in NO production and eNOS activity (Xiang et al., 2009, 2006, 2005).
Maternal and infant inflammatory markers in relation to prenatal arsenic exposure in a U.S. pregnancy cohort
2017, Environmental ResearchCitation Excerpt :Bailey et al., 2014; Rager et al., 2014) However, existing studies of endothelial function markers in this vulnerable population have been generally limited to investigations of these biomarkers in relation to pregnancy complications. ( Paradisi et al., 2011; Redman et al., 1999; Veas et al., 2011) During pregnancy, women may experience improved endothelial function, a cardiovascular adaption to support the growing fetus (Anumba et al., 1999; Dorup et al., 1999). This pregnancy-associated improvement in endothelial response could potentially blunt the effects of environmental insults on the endothelium.
Contribution of endogenous endothelin-1 to basal vascular tone during normal pregnancy and preeclampsia
2005, American Journal of Obstetrics and GynecologyCitation Excerpt :Moreover, our results, with the results of Anumba et al4 and Bowyer et al5 do not speak in favor of a generalized reduction in vascular sensitivity in normal pregnancy but rather to a selective down-regulation of specific receptors during pregnancy. Basal FBF did not differ between women with preeclampsia and healthy pregnant women, which also has been demonstrated by others, although these groups have reported an increased forearm vascular resistance.4,9,25 On the other hand, there are other studies, in accordance with our study, that show no difference in forearm vascular resistance.6
Reduced flow-mediated vasodilation is not due to a decrease in production of nitric oxide in preeclampsia
2005, American Journal of Obstetrics and GynecologyCitation Excerpt :Endothelium-independent vasodilation after sublingual nitroglycerin is often used as a control. In in vivo experiments, the dilation of the forearm artery by the NO donor was not different in the women with preeclampsia by plethysmography.31 In this study, the production of cGMP by NO donors was not altered in platelet samples that were obtained from the women with preeclampsia in comparison with normotensive pregnant women.
Forearm blood flow in pre-eclampsia
2003, BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and GynaecologyAltered vascular function in healthy normotensive pregnant women with bilateral uterine artery notches
2002, BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
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Supported by Wellbeing, the health research charity for women and children.
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Reprint requests: Stephen C. Robson, MD, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Fourth Floor, Leaze’s Wing, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Queen Victoria Rd, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom NE1 4LP.
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0002-9378/99 $8.00 + 06/1/101829