Food Production, Origins of

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Creation of agropastoral economies is arguably the most significant cultural development in the last 10,000 years of the human past. Archaeological and archaeobiological evidence indicates fewer than 10 independent origin points for agriculture and pastoralism throughout the Holocene and around the globe. The nature and status of this evidence is briefly indicated for each world area. There does not appear to be a single, universal explanation and trajectory for agropastoral origins, but rather an array of processes—including both external environmental and internal sociopolitical factors—that is implicated in each instance.

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