Trends in Microbiology
News and commentThe role of TH1 and TH2 subsets in human infectious diseases
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Vesicular stomatitis virus-based vaccines expressing EV71 virus-like particles elicit strong immune responses and protect newborn mice from lethal challenges
2016, VaccineCitation Excerpt :Perhaps in the future, we can employ a heterologous booster or a booster of a different serotype vector [18]. It is well known that Th1 response reflects cell-mediated immunity, and Th2 response reflects humoral immunity [36,37]. In this study, the IFN-γ and IL-2 levels were significantly higher in the mP1/m3CD and mP1-3CD group than the mVP1 group, indicating that the cellular immune responses were enhanced by mP1/m3CD and mP1-3CD.
Effects of age and macrophage lineage on intracellular survival and cytokine induction after infection with Rhodococcus equi
2014, Veterinary Immunology and ImmunopathologyCitation Excerpt :Studies in mice have clearly shown that a type 1 response, characterized by IFN-γ production by T helper lymphocytes, is sufficient to effect pulmonary clearance of R. equi while a type 2 response, characterized by IL-4 production, is detrimental (Kanaly et al., 1995, 1996). The cytokine environment that is present as T helper cells differentiate is important in determining the subset that will subsequently develop (Del Prete and Romagnani, 1994). Because of its importance in innate defense against R. equi, the macrophage may be one of the keys to the development of either a type 1 or a type 2 response by the nature of the cytokines produced shortly after infection.
The CagA protein of Helicobacter pylori suppresses the functions of dendritic cell in mice
2010, Archives of Biochemistry and BiophysicsCitation Excerpt :No significant difference in IL-4 mRNA expression was observed. These results indicate that the presence of CagA in DC impairs the differentiation of CD4+ T cells to Th1 type T cells because IFN-γ plays an important role in the induction of Th1 type immune responses [35]. Therefore, the mRNA expression of T-bet and GATA-3, transcription factors essential for the development of Th1 cells and Th2 cells respectively, were examined in CD4+ T cells activated with WT-DC or CagA Tg-DC (Fig. 5b).
Dehydroepiandrosterone increases resistance to experimental infection by Trypanosoma cruzi
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