Deformational and strain patterns of an intracontinental collision ductile shear zone—an example from the Higher Garhwal Himalaya
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Cited by (49)
Cataclastic strain from external thrust sheets in fold-thrust belts: Insights from the frontal Indian Himalaya
2020, Journal of Asian Earth SciencesCitation Excerpt :Progressive increase in strain was found from the boundary to the center of the ductile MCT shear zone in Bhagirathi valley, Garhwal Himalaya (~1.5–4.5; Srivastava et al., 2000). Strain axial ratios of ~1.5–2.0 were reported from the central crystalline zone and the Lesser Himalayan quartzite in Tons-Supin-Rupin Valley and from the Garhwal Himalaya near the base of the MCT and Jutogh thrusts using Rf/φ method (Jain and Anand, 1988). In the Bhutan Himalaya, moderate to high strain were reported from the Lesser to Greater Himalaya (~1.5–4.0) in the transport direction due to layer normal shortening (Long et al., 2011).
Protracted zircon growth in migmatites and In situ melt of Higher Himalayan Crystallines: U–Pb ages from Bhagirathi valley, NW Himalaya, India
2019, Geoscience FrontiersCitation Excerpt :They include pelitic, psammitic and quartzite sequences, together with thin amphibolite and calc-silicate bands along with Paleoproterozoic granitoids (Parrish and Hodges, 1996; Singh et al., 2006, 2009) in the lower part (Munsiari Formation), and Cambro–Ordovician granitoids and Miocene anatectic leucogranite (Singh, 2001, 2005; Singh and Jain, 2003 and references therein) in the upper part (Vaikrita Formation; Valdiya et al., 1999). The HHC is characterized by the structures of an intracontinental (∼15–20 km wide) ductile shear zone (Brunel, 1986; Mattauer, 1986; Jain and Anand, 1988; Jain and Manickavasagam, 1993; Grujic et al., 1996; Vannay and Grasemann, 2001), and inverted metamorphism (Le Fort, 1975; Hodges and Silverberg, 1988; Kündig, 1989; Mohan et al., 1989; Searle and Rex, 1989; Pognante et al., 1990; Jain and Manickavasagam, 1993; Metcalfe, 1993; Harrison et al., 1997; Dasgupta et al., 2004). Migmatites associated with the highest grade of metamorphism and occur either in the middle and/or upper part of the HHC within the core of highest grade of metamorphism in the NW Himalaya.
Pliocene episodic exhumation and the significance of the Munsiari thrust in the northwestern Himalaya
2018, Earth and Planetary Science LettersCitation Excerpt :For example, the southernmost exposure has been interpreted as paragneiss or orthogneiss and may correlate with the LHC or LHS (cf. Figs. 2B, 2D, 2F). Outcrops of Wangtu orthogneiss in the Sutlej section and in the northwestern window may be separated by exposure of Berinag quartzite (Jain and Anand, 1988; Fig. 2B) or form a continuous body (e.g., Steck, 2003; Webb et al., 2011; Figs. 2D, 2F). In particular, disputed intersection relationships between the MT and MCT have important implications on the interaction of these faults: If the KLRW antiform is a fault-propagation fold above the tip of the MT (Vannay and Grasemann, 2001; Fig. 2C), displacement on the MT is limited to the amplitude of the KLRW antiform (∼ a few kilometres).
Deformation temperatures and flow vorticities near the base of the greater himalayan series, sutlej valley and shimla klippe, NW india
2013, Journal of Structural GeologySpatiotemporal variation in exhumation of the Crystallines in the NW-Himalaya, India: Constraints from fission track dating analysis
2011, TectonophysicsCitation Excerpt :The geology of the study area is similar to its adjacent traverse in the Goriganga valley which has already been discussed in detail by Patel and Carter (2009) and Patel and Kumar (2009). During collision, southwest directed thrusting along the Vaikrita Thrust (VT) (Davidson et al., 1997; Valdiya, 1980) and MCT/MT (Bouchez and Pecher, 1981; Heim and Gansser, 1939; Jain and Anand, 1988; Jain and Manickvasagam, 1993; Jain et al., 2000; Searle et al., 2008; Thakur, 1987) emplaced the HHC rocks over the Lesser Himalayan Meta-sedimentary (LHMS) zone whilst normal faulting along the STDS (Burchfiel et al., 1992; Burg and Chen, 1984; Herren, 1987; Patel et al., 1993) detached the overlying THS from the metamorphic core (Fig. 1). The HHC rocks were thrust over the LHMS as nappes and more and more units of the LHMS were detached as duplex sheets from the under-thrusted Indian continent, and incorporated into the Himalayan wedge forming the Lesser Himalayan Crystalline (LHC).
Simple shear is not so simple! Kinematics and shear senses in Newtonian viscous simple shear zones
2012, Geological Magazine