Introduction and dispersal of Epidinocarsis lopezi (Hym., Encyrtidae), an exotic parasitoid of the cassava mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti (Hom., Pseudococcidae), in Africa
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Cited by (57)
A systematic methodological approach to estimate the impacts of a classical biological control agent's dispersal at landscape: Application to fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis and its endoparasitoid Fopius arisanus
2022, Biological ControlCitation Excerpt :The key component of our methodology is determining the dispersal range of the parasitoid (F. arisanus, in this case) after its release to control Oriental fruit fly, B. dorsalis, and the estimation of the beneficiary households. Parasitoid dispersal and the resultant impact on the target pest population are highly influenced by extrinsic factors (Herren et al., 1987; Langhof et al., 2005; Mitchell et al., 2022), such as climatic variables and host/host’ habitat attributes (Fenoglio et al., 2013), as well as intrinsic factors such as the physiological state of the parasitoid (Chidawanyika et al., 2019) and its ability to evade predation (Lindstedt et al., 2019). Moreover, since the parasitoid is an ectotherm, environmental variables (Moore et al., 2021) and the availability of the host (Bai & Smith, 1993; Hohmann & Luck, 2004; Iverson et al., 2019) are key drivers for the survival and dispersal of the parasitoid, as well as for those of its host.
Human health outcomes of a restored ecological balance in African agro-landscapes
2021, Science of the Total EnvironmentCitation Excerpt :More specifically, country-specific data-sets were obtained for birth rate, death rate, fertility rate, rate of natural increase (RNI), infant mortality and adult mortality. Analyses centered upon a total of 18 different African countries that were affected in the early stages of the mealybug invasion, primarily including countries in West and Central Africa (Herren et al., 1987). These constitute a sub-set of the 27 African nations that were impacted by P. manihoti (Zeddies et al., 2001).
Landscape context does not constrain biological control of Phenacoccus manihoti in intensified cassava systems of southern Vietnam
2018, Biological ControlCitation Excerpt :Following its release in Nigeria, A. lopezi promptly established and suppressed P. manihoti population levels from more than 100 to fewer than 10–20 individuals per tip (Hammond et al., 1987). In less than three years following its release, A. lopezi had effectively dispersed over 200,000 km2 and colonized the vast majority of cassava fields within this range (Herren et al., 1987). Though multiple endemic primary parasitoids and hyper-parasitoids were recorded in mealybug-invaded areas in Africa (Neuenschwander et al., 1987; Neuenschwander & Hammond, 1988), these largely did not impede the success of A. lopezi as biological control agent (Neuenschwander, 2001).
The invasive mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley, a threat to tropical and subtropical agricultural and horticultural production systems - A review
2015, Crop ProtectionCitation Excerpt :Chlorpyriphos and malathion have been reported as highly toxic to female mealybugs, whereas, chlorpyriphos and dichlorvos found safe to the larvae of Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant, a predator of P. solenopsis (Suroshe, 2011). Biological control involving entomopathogens, predators and especially parasitoids, has played a key role in suppressing mealybug pests of economically important crops, e.g.: cassava mealybug Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero in Africa (Herren et al., 1987; Herren and Neuenschwander, 1991), pink hibiscus mealybug Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green) in Caribbean (Kairo et al., 2000), citrus mealybug Planococcus citri (Risso) in India (Singh, 2004), papaya mealybug Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara de Willink in the Republic of Palau (Muniappan et al., 2006) and India (Myrick et al., 2014). Twelve species of predators and 16 species of parasitoids have been reported throughout the range of P. solenopsis, indicating potential for implementing biological control programmes.
Effect of host plant on bionomic and life history parameters of Anagyrus pseudococci (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), a parasitoid of the mango mealybug Rastrococcus iceryoides (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae)
2013, Biological ControlCitation Excerpt :Another example is the South American cassava mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae) that threatened the livelihoods of millions of Africans relying on cassava as one of their staple foods (Herren and Neuenschwander, 1991; Zeddies et al., 2000). This pest has been suppressed and yields increased by the introduction and release of coevolved parasitoids (e.g., Apoanagyrus lopezi De Santis (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae)) from South America (Herren et al., 1987; Neuenschwander, 2001). Yet another example is Planococcus kenyae Le Pelley that was a major pest of arabica coffee in Kenya during the 1920s and 1930s.
Economics of biological control of cassava mealybug in Africa
2001, Agricultural Economics
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Currently with the Projet de Recherche Agricole Appliquée et Vulgarisation, (RAV), Kinshasa, Zaire.