Platelet MAO activity and family history of schizophrenia

doi:10.1016/0165-1781(82)90051-8

Psychiatry Research

Volume 7, Issue 1, August 1982, Pages 47-51

https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-1781(82)90051-8 Get rights and content

Abstract

Platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity was studied in 50 drug-free schizophrenics divided into groups according to whether they had at least two first-degree relatives with schizophrenia (n=6), only one first-degree relative with schizophrenia (n=8), or no family history of schizophrenia (n=36). Similar determination was made in 56 age-matched normals. There were no differences in the platelet MAO activity between any of the groups of schizophrenics or the normals. The results are discussed in light of previous studies of platelet MAO activity in schizophrenics with and without a family history of schizophrenia.

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The familial sporadic classification: Its power for the resolution of genetic and environmental etiologic factors
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An increasingly popular research method for identifying etiologic heterogeneity in psychiatric illness has been to compare the frequency of a risk factor in affected individuals with no affected relatives (sporadic cases) and in affected individuals with one or more affected relatives (familial cases). This paper presents a power analysis of this familial vs sporadic method, assuming a multifactorial model with a normally distributed liability to illness resulting from the additive effect of polygenes and multiple environmental factors. Various parameter estimates for a risk factor that identifies a component of either the genetic or the environmental contribution to disease liability are examined. Almost without exception, large sample sizes of probands and relatives need to be studied to have a substantial probability of detecting etiologic heterogeneity. The required sample size decreases dramatically when monozygotic twins are studied. If the multifactorial model accurately depicts the etiology for psychiatric disorders, these results suggest that the familial versus sporadic design is useful only when pursued in the context of large sample nuclear family studies or studies of monozygotic twins.
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The kinetics of platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) were studied in 100 psychotic and manic patients and 36 controls. No relationship was found between MAO activity and response to lithium in the schizophrenic-like illnesses. However, the data do suggest there is an association between enzyme affinity (K_m) and specific symptom clusters. Patients with the low K_m variant of platelet MAO are enriched in depressive symptoms, while those with the high K_m variant are enriched in manic symptoms.
Platelet monoamine oxidase activity in schizophrenia: Relationship to family history of the illness and neuroleptic treatment
1984, Journal of Psychiatric Research
Platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity was determined in a large population of drug-free and haloperidol-treated schizophrenic patients and healthy controls and, in a second study, in a sample of schizophrenics after a wash-out period and at different times during treatment with haloperidol. Enzyme activity was significantly decreased in both acute and chronic haloperidol-treated schizophrenics, but not in drug-free schizophrenics, compared with normal controls. No significant difference was observed between drug-free schizophrenics with a family history of the illness and those without such history, and between healthy relatives of schizophrenic patients and normal controls without a family history of schizophrenia.
MAO activity was significantly reduced after 14 and 21 days of haloperidol treatment, and such reduction did not correlate with response to treatment. These data strongly support the idea that neuroleptic intake may, at least in part, explain low MAO values repeatedly reported in schizophrenics.
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Platelet MAO activity and family history of schizophrenia

Abstract

Psychiatry Research

Psychiatry Research

Clinica Chimica Acta

Life Sciences

Psychiatry Research

Platelet monoamine oxidase values and genetic heterogeneity in schizophrenia research

Journal of the American Medical Association

Platelet MAO in schizophrenics with and without family history of schizophrenia

British Journal of Psychiatry

Schizophrenia in a north Swedish geographic isolate. 1900–1977. Epidemiology, genetics and biochemistry

Clinical Genetics

Neuroleptic-induced decrease in platelet MAO activity of schizophrenic patients

American Journal of Psychiatry