Analysis of the failure behaviour of longitudinally flawed pipes and vessels

doi:10.1016/0029-5493(94)90186-4

Nuclear Engineering and Design

Volume 151, Issues 2–3, 2 November 1994, Pages 425-448

https://doi.org/10.1016/0029-5493(94)90186-4 Get rights and content

Abstract

A post-calculation by means of four engineering approaches, based on toughness, yield stress, plastic instability and ligament stress criteria, was made of the failure pressure on 134 pipes and vessels. The calculation was assessed by comparing the calculated with the experimentally obtained results. A statistical-based evaluation was made, since the results from the calculation and the experiment are affected by natural scattering of characteristic values, such as material properties and geometrical dimensions, among others. It was possible to find for each equation an individual weighting factor, which helped to improve considerably the approximation of the calculation to the experimentally determined failure pressure.

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Model error assessment of burst capacity models for energy pipelines containing surface cracks
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Citation Excerpt :
Various models and methodologies are available to predict the burst capacities of pipes containing cracks (i.e. planar defects), e.g. the Battelle model [3–5], CorLAS™ model [6–8] and the failure assessment diagram (FAD) methodologies [9–11]. A number of experimental studies have been reported in the context of investigating fracture-based burst capacity models for pipes and vessels containing cracks [e.g. [3–5,12,13]]. For example, Kiefner et al. [3] conducted 140 tests for thin-walled pipes, including 92 tests for pipes with through-wall flaws and 48 tests for pipes with part-through-wall (surface) flaws, for the purpose of developing semi-empirical equations to predict the ductile failure stress levels of through-wall and surface flaws.
This paper develops the probabilistic characteristics of the model errors associated with five well-known burst capacity models/methodologies for pipelines containing longitudinally-oriented external surface cracks, namely the Battelle and CorLAS™ models as well as the failure assessment diagram (FAD) methodologies recommended in the BS 7910 (2005), API RP579 (2007) and R6 (Rev 4, Amendment 10). A total of 112 full-scale burst test data for cracked pipes subjected internal pressure only were collected from the literature. The model error for a given burst capacity model is evaluated based on the ratios of the test to predicted burst pressures for the collected data. Analysis results suggest that the CorLAS™ model is the most accurate model among the five models considered and the Battelle, BS 7910, API RP579 and R6 models are in general conservative; furthermore, the API RP579 and R6 models are markedly more accurate than the Battelle and BS 7910 models. The results will facilitate the development of reliability-based structural integrity management of pipelines.
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Steam generator (SG) tubes are part of the primary circuit of pressurised water reactors and therefore also part of the pressure retaining boundary components. Furthermore, steam generator tubes are the components which guarantee the separation between the primary and secondary circuits. Therefore the knowledge of the loss of tube integrity as soon as possible is an essential. Optimised nondestructive testing methods based on the eddy current array technique are used to find material degradation, especially intergranular stress corrosion cracks during the periodical in-service inspection. These methods are supported by the measurement of the leakage rate during operation based on radioactivity and Tritium measurement regarding a high crack grows. Shutdown criteria depending on leakage rates which are described in the operation procedures but there are no specifications about the conditions for the measured leakage. Is the leakage coming from a single crack or are there multiple cracks or is this the leakage of a critical crack. With the help of FE calculations answer about the uncertainties of leakage rate versus critical crack grows were found. Shutdown criteria must guarantee to avoid critical crack sizes, i.e. between the measured tritium activity and the critical crack size must be a safety gap.
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Technical engineering noteAnalysis of the failure behaviour of longitudinally flawed pipes and vessels

Abstract

Int. J. Pres. Ves. Piping

Test of 6-inch thick pressure vessels

Investigation of the initiation and extend of ductile pipe rupture

Final Rep. Task

The stress in a cylindrical shell containing an axial crack

Rissausbreitung in Grossrohren aus dem Stahl St 70. gwf/gas/erdgas 117

Criteria for crack extension in cylindrical pressure vessels

Int. J. Fract. Mech.

Untersuchung zur instabilen Rissausweitung und zum Rissstoppverhalten

Technical engineering note
Analysis of the failure behaviour of longitudinally flawed pipes and vessels