Self-excited vibrations induced by dry friction, part 1: Experimental study

doi:10.1016/0022-460X(90)90786-Y

Journal of Sound and Vibration

Volume 137, Issue 2, 8 March 1990, Pages 163-175

https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-460X(90)90786-Y Get rights and content

Abstract

An experimental investigation was conducted in the laboratory with a pin-on-disk type sliding apparatus to study self-excited vibrations induced by dry friction. These vibrations are often encountered in practice, with detrimental effects such as excessive wear of components, surface damage, fatigue failure and noise generation. Four different friction regimes are obtained as the normal load is increased. Self-excited vibrations occur in the last regime when the normal load, or equivalently the kinetic coefficient of friction, reaches a certain critical value. The waveforms of the self-excited vibrations are analyzed. A mathematical model of the contact, including non-linear contact stiffness and damping, is obtained based on experimental data. This model of contact mechanics is necessary for stability analysis given in a companion paper.

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For the characterization of joint contact model of the variable stator vane (VSV) mechanism, the dry friction properties of joint materials must be taken into account. In this paper, the important parameters characterizing the joint contact model are experimentally tested, and then the characterized contact model containing the parameters is utilized for the dynamic analysis of a principle-level VSV mechanism test rig, including the dry friction rotary pair. Firstly, the friction tests and the vibration tests induced by the friction process are carried out. Then an ideal comprehensive dynamic model of the scaled system of VSV mechanism’s single kinematic chain is established through the Lagrange multiplier method. The friction coefficient values obtained from the test are embedded into the contact force model considering friction factors and compared with other macro models. The accuracy of the hybrid contact model is verified through a one-shot contact-impact simulation and the corresponding displacement is measured for evaluation with accuracy of established ideal dynamic model. Finally, the influence of different driving methods on the dynamic characteristics of the system is analyzed.
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In this paper, mechanical systems presenting instabilities induced by friction such as brakes and clutches are studied using a phenomenological model. For these systems, the stability and vibration levels are strongly linked to the values of certain parameters such as the friction coefficient, contact stiffness, etc. Therefore, it is particularly important to take into account the uncertainties of these parameters to obtain robust and predictive models. In this paper, the modelling of uncertainties is done using probabilistic theory with a parametric view. Each quantity that is a function of the random variables is decomposed in a basis using polynomial chaos. For the model studied, the choice of a classical intrusive approach to solve the mechano-stochastic problem induces particularly long computation times. This is due to the need to perform probabilistic numerical integrations to determine integral terms associated with generalized stochastic forces. As the integration steps in these numerical quadratures must be very small, the calculation times are very long. This is why, in this paper, a modified intrusive approach is presented with the main objective of solving a mechano-stochastic problem in reasonable times and thus avoiding approximation of stochastic generalized forces with numerical integrations. This modified intrusive approach is composed of two parts. In the first part, an approximation of the mechanical action torsor (forces and moments) at the contact and friction interface, is performed. To achieve this, behaviour laws (between torsors) are constructed using potentials and dissipation functions based on physical considerations and reinforced by an influence study. In the second part, the properties of Chebyshev polynomials of the second kind are exploited to avoid numerical integration, several times per time step, of the terms associated with generalized stochastic forces. This approach is initially used in a linear framework to perform a stability study of fixed points. It is then used in a nonlinear framework to carry out temporal integrations. Finally, the results of temporal integration and simulation times from the modified intrusive approach are compared to those of the non-intrusive approach. For the latter, Chebyshev polynomials of the second kind are also used to interpolate the results of deterministic temporal integrations.
Influence of imperfections on the stability of a multi-disc friction system
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Citation Excerpt :
Theoretically, sprag-slip requires at least two degrees of freedom (tension-compression and bending). Many additional studies relating to mode coupling have been carried out [36–39]. This paper follows on from studies of phenomena located at the interface of the rotor and stator discs of a very simplified phenomenological model [40,41].
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Several studies related to braking systems were performed by Refs. [6–18]. Other studies have focused on using an analytical phenomenological model as in Refs. [19–27]. Indeed, in this paper, a phenomenological analytical model is studied.
This paper provides a description of a phenomenological model representing a mechanical system consisting of a stator disk fixed to a clamped beam and a rotor disk. When the rotor is in contact with the stator, the rotation gives rise to friction leading to a self-sustaining vibratory instability called whirl. This instability confers a two-beam bending mode to the coupling. Moreover, adding detachment at the rotor/stator interface leads to the disappearance of whirl instability and the onset of another mode known as squeal. The main goal of this paper is to study the conditions of occurrence of the squeal mode. This is the first time a study has been performed to observe 3 different behaviors as a function of the parameters imposed. A limit cycle is associated with each behavior. Then, each limit cycle is studied using spectrograms and state space representation. Attention is then focused on the limit cycle bifurcation and limit cycle stability is studied using the monodromy matrix. Finally, a contact bounce is introduced in the model to observe a limit cycle consisting of alternating whirl and squeal modes.
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Citation Excerpt :
Important studies realized on this subject are been synthesized in Refs. [1,2]. Among these works, some have focused on the physical mechanisms of these instabilities by friction, on linear stability and on the dependence on certain parameters that make the system unstable as in Refs. [3–11]. Other works have studied modeling on the macroscopic scale of friction applied to an aircraft brake system [12,13], an automobile brake system [14] and the brake system of a high speed train [15].
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Self-excited vibrations induced by dry friction, part 1: Experimental study

Abstract

Journal of Sound and Vibration

Experimental investigation of the effect of system rigidity on wear and friction-induced vibrations

American Society of Mechanical Engineers Transactions, Journal of Lubrication Technology

Generation of squeal chatter in water lubricated elastometric bearings

American Society of Mechanical Engineers Transactions, Journal of Lubrication Technology

Stick-slip induced noise generation in water-lubricated compliant rubber bearings

American Society of Mechanical Engineers Transactions, Journal of Lubrication Technology

The measurement of friction and friction-induced vibrations

American Society of Mechanical Engineers Transactions, Journal of Lubrication Technology